Answered: Relate the short-term stress response…

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

Relate the short-term stress response and the roles of norepinephrine and the adrenal glands to the sympathetic nervous system.

Expert Solution

Step 1 Short-term stress response:

This condition happens when the body is presented with a stressful condition (when blood glucose falls too low), the body respond to it by calling for release of hormones that provide burst of energy.
The hormone epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the adrenal medulla.
Epinephrine and nor epinephrine increases the blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver and skeletal muscles to break down glycogen and by stimulating glucose release by liver cells.
These hormones elevates the oxygen availability to the cells by increasing the heart rate and dilating the bronchioles.
The hormones also prioritize body functions by increasing blood supply to the essential organs such as the heart, brain, and skeletal muscles, while restricting the blood flow to the organs like skin, digestive system and kidneys.