Reinforcing steel inside concrete is protected by the passive layer that forms due to the high pH environment inside concrete.  This passive layer can be broken down by two main mechanisms.  Please select both:

Structural Analysis
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ISBN:9781337630931
Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
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Chapter2: Loads On Structures
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Reinforcing steel inside concrete is protected by the passive layer that forms due to the high pH environment inside concrete.  This passive layer can be broken down by two main mechanisms.  Please select both:

A.use of a corrosion inhibiting chemical admixture
B.ingress of chlorides from deicing chemicals
C.use of supplementary cementitious materials
D.carbon dioxide (CO2) entering the concrete from the atmosphere
E.a low w/cm
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