Recently airlines have cut services, such as meals and snacks during flights, and started charging extra for some services, such as accommodating overweight luggage, last-minute flight changes, and pets traveling in the cabin. However, they are still concerned about service. Recently, a group of four carriers hired Brunner Marketing Research Inc. to survey passengers regarding their level of satisfaction with a recent flight. The survey included questions on ticketing, boarding, in-flight service, baggage handling, pilot communication, and so forth. Twenty-five questions offered a range of possible answers: excellent, good, fair, or poor. A response of excellent was given a score of 4, good a 3, fair a 2, and poor a 1. These responses were then totaled, so the total score was an indication of the satisfaction with the flight. The greater the score, the higher the level of satisfaction with the service. The highest possible score was 100. Brunner randomly selected and surveyed passengers from the four airlines. Below is the sample information. Is there a difference in the mean satisfaction level among the four airlines? Use the .01 significance level. Northern WTA Pocono Branson 94 75 70 68 90 68 73 70 85 77 76 72 80 83 78 65 88 80 74 68 65 65
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
Recently airlines have cut services, such as meals and snacks during flights, and started charging
extra for some services, such as accommodating overweight luggage, last-minute flight changes, and pets
traveling in the cabin. However, they are still concerned about service. Recently, a group of four carriers hired
Brunner Marketing Research Inc. to survey passengers regarding their level of satisfaction with a recent flight.
The survey included questions on ticketing, boarding, in-flight service, baggage handling, pilot communication,
and so forth. Twenty-five questions offered a
response of excellent was given a score of 4, good a 3, fair a 2, and poor a 1. These responses were then totaled,
so the total score was an indication of the satisfaction with the flight. The greater the score, the higher the level
of satisfaction with the service. The highest possible score was 100. Brunner randomly selected and surveyed
passengers from the four airlines. Below is the sample information. Is there a difference in the
level among the four airlines? Use the .01 significance level.
| Northern | WTA | Pocono | Branson |
| 94 | 75 | 70 | 68 |
| 90 | 68 | 73 | 70 |
| 85 | 77 | 76 | 72 |
| 80 | 83 | 78 | 65 |
| 88 | 80 | 74 | |
| 68 | 65 | ||
| 65 |
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