real batteries have some amount of internal resistance. The thick-lined box in the circuit represents a battery with a voltage of 12.00 V and internal resistance of 1.00 Ω. Point A represents the positive terminal of the battery and point B the negative terminal.  a) What is the potential difference across the battery when the switch S is open, as shown? b) What is the potential difference across the battery when the switch S is closed?

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