RCISE 1. Given A = 2 E , verify that (a) (A+ B) +C = A+(8 +C) (b) (A + B) – C = A+(B – C)

Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN:9780134463216
Author:Robert F. Blitzer
Publisher:Robert F. Blitzer
ChapterP: Prerequisites: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1MCCP: In Exercises 1-25, simplify the given expression or perform the indicated operation (and simplify,...
icon
Related questions
Question

Solve q1 a) b)

Ath Fundamental Methods of Mathem...
Chapter 4 Lincar Models and Mutrix Algehra 69
In Example 5, the square matrix A has nonzero elements a: and an in the principal
diagonal, and zeros everywhere else. Such a matrix is called a diagonal matrix. When a
diagonal matrix A appears in the product x'Ax, the resulting product gives a "wcighted"
sum of squares, the weights for the x and the x terms being supplied by the elements in
the diagonal of A. This result is in contrast to the scalar product x'x, which yictds a simple
(unwcighted) sum of squares.
Let the economic ideal be defined as the national-income level Y° coupled with the inflation
rate p°. And suppose that we view any positive deviation of the actual income Y from Y° to
be equally undesirable as a negative deviation of the same magnitude, and similarly for
deviations of the actual inflation rate p from p. Then we may write a sociał-loss function
such as
Example 6
A = «(Y – Y©y² + B(p - pj?
where a and B are the weights assigned to the two sources of social loss. If deviations of Y
are considered to be the more serious type of loss, then a should exceed 8. Note that the
squaring of the deviations produces two effects. First, upon squaring, a positive deviation
will receive the same loss value as a negative deviation of the same numerical magnitude.
Second, squaring causes the larger deviations to show up much more significantly in the
social-loss measure than minor deviations. Such a social-loss function can be expressed, if
desired, by the matrix product
p- p)
Matrix multiplication is aiso distributive.
Distributive law A(B + C) = AB + AC
(premultiplication by4]
(B+C)A = BA +CA
[postmultiplication by 4]
In each case, the conformability conditions for addition as well as for multiplication must,
of course, be observed.
EXERCISE
verity
1. Given A =
B =
and C =
that
(a) (A+ B) +C = A+(8 +C)
(b) (A + B) – C = A+ (B – C)
2 The subt
Does the commutative law of addition permit us to state that A - B = B – A? If not,
how would you correct the statement?
3. Test the associative law of multiplication with the following matrices:
y ve conSIdered as the addition of the matrix (-1)B.
-8 0 71
1 3 2
A =
B =
C =0
70 Part Two Sutic for Equilihrium) Anulysis
4. Prove that for any two scalars g and k
(a) k(A + B) = k A + k B
(b) (g+ k)A = gA + kA
(Note: To prove a result, you cannot use specific examples.)
5. For (a) through (d) find C = AB.
[12 14]
[3 9]
Transcribed Image Text:Ath Fundamental Methods of Mathem... Chapter 4 Lincar Models and Mutrix Algehra 69 In Example 5, the square matrix A has nonzero elements a: and an in the principal diagonal, and zeros everywhere else. Such a matrix is called a diagonal matrix. When a diagonal matrix A appears in the product x'Ax, the resulting product gives a "wcighted" sum of squares, the weights for the x and the x terms being supplied by the elements in the diagonal of A. This result is in contrast to the scalar product x'x, which yictds a simple (unwcighted) sum of squares. Let the economic ideal be defined as the national-income level Y° coupled with the inflation rate p°. And suppose that we view any positive deviation of the actual income Y from Y° to be equally undesirable as a negative deviation of the same magnitude, and similarly for deviations of the actual inflation rate p from p. Then we may write a sociał-loss function such as Example 6 A = «(Y – Y©y² + B(p - pj? where a and B are the weights assigned to the two sources of social loss. If deviations of Y are considered to be the more serious type of loss, then a should exceed 8. Note that the squaring of the deviations produces two effects. First, upon squaring, a positive deviation will receive the same loss value as a negative deviation of the same numerical magnitude. Second, squaring causes the larger deviations to show up much more significantly in the social-loss measure than minor deviations. Such a social-loss function can be expressed, if desired, by the matrix product p- p) Matrix multiplication is aiso distributive. Distributive law A(B + C) = AB + AC (premultiplication by4] (B+C)A = BA +CA [postmultiplication by 4] In each case, the conformability conditions for addition as well as for multiplication must, of course, be observed. EXERCISE verity 1. Given A = B = and C = that (a) (A+ B) +C = A+(8 +C) (b) (A + B) – C = A+ (B – C) 2 The subt Does the commutative law of addition permit us to state that A - B = B – A? If not, how would you correct the statement? 3. Test the associative law of multiplication with the following matrices: y ve conSIdered as the addition of the matrix (-1)B. -8 0 71 1 3 2 A = B = C =0 70 Part Two Sutic for Equilihrium) Anulysis 4. Prove that for any two scalars g and k (a) k(A + B) = k A + k B (b) (g+ k)A = gA + kA (Note: To prove a result, you cannot use specific examples.) 5. For (a) through (d) find C = AB. [12 14] [3 9]
Expert Solution
Step 1

topic - matrices

steps

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps with 2 images

Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
Algebra
ISBN:
9780134463216
Author:
Robert F. Blitzer
Publisher:
PEARSON
Contemporary Abstract Algebra
Contemporary Abstract Algebra
Algebra
ISBN:
9781305657960
Author:
Joseph Gallian
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
Linear Algebra: A Modern Introduction
Algebra
ISBN:
9781285463247
Author:
David Poole
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Algebra And Trigonometry (11th Edition)
Algebra And Trigonometry (11th Edition)
Algebra
ISBN:
9780135163078
Author:
Michael Sullivan
Publisher:
PEARSON
Introduction to Linear Algebra, Fifth Edition
Introduction to Linear Algebra, Fifth Edition
Algebra
ISBN:
9780980232776
Author:
Gilbert Strang
Publisher:
Wellesley-Cambridge Press
College Algebra (Collegiate Math)
College Algebra (Collegiate Math)
Algebra
ISBN:
9780077836344
Author:
Julie Miller, Donna Gerken
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education