**Title: Ranking the Basicity of Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Molecules****Objective:**Understand the order of increasing basicity among different nitrogen-containing aromatic molecules.**Molecules Analyzed:**1. **4-Bromo Pyridine:** - Structure: Aromatic ring with a nitrogen atom (N) and a bromine atom (Br) attached. - Basicity: Least basic.2. **Pyrrole:** - Structure: Five-membered aromatic ring with nitrogen (N), having a hydrogen (H) atom attached directly. - Basicity: Second in order of increasing basicity.3. **4-Methylpyridine (4-Picoline):** - Structure: Aromatic ring with a nitrogen atom (N) and a methyl group (CH₃) attached. - Basicity: More basic than pyrrole.4. **Pyridine:** - Structure: Six-membered aromatic ring containing one nitrogen (N) atom. - Basicity: Most basic among the listed molecules.**Explanation:**The basicity of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds is influenced by the presence of electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups, as well as the ability of the nitrogen's lone pair to participate in the aromatic conjugation. In this series, pyridine is most basic, while 4-bromo pyridine is least basic due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the bromine atom.

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Rank the nitrogen-containing aromatic molecules in order of increasing basicity. Least basic HIZ: Br CH3

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10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

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Question

**Title: Ranking the Basicity of Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Molecules**

**Objective:**
Understand the order of increasing basicity among different nitrogen-containing aromatic molecules.

**Molecules Analyzed:**

1. **4-Bromo Pyridine:**
- Structure: Aromatic ring with a nitrogen atom (N) and a bromine atom (Br) attached.
- Basicity: Least basic.

2. **Pyrrole:**
- Structure: Five-membered aromatic ring with nitrogen (N), having a hydrogen (H) atom attached directly.
- Basicity: Second in order of increasing basicity.

3. **4-Methylpyridine (4-Picoline):**
- Structure: Aromatic ring with a nitrogen atom (N) and a methyl group (CH₃) attached.
- Basicity: More basic than pyrrole.

4. **Pyridine:**
- Structure: Six-membered aromatic ring containing one nitrogen (N) atom.
- Basicity: Most basic among the listed molecules.

**Explanation:**
The basicity of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds is influenced by the presence of electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups, as well as the ability of the nitrogen's lone pair to participate in the aromatic conjugation. In this series, pyridine is most basic, while 4-bromo pyridine is least basic due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the bromine atom.

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