QUESTION 6 Suppose you have 12 books (5 novels, 3 history, and 4 mathematics). Assume that all 12 books are different. (a) In how many ways you can put all books in a row on the shelf? Answer: (b) In how many ways can you select 4 books to give to your friend? Answer: (c) In how many ways can you select 2 history books and 2 novels to take with you on the cruise? Answer:
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
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