Question 5 a) How do financial institutions help individuals to diversify their portfolio risks? Which financial institution is best able to achieve this goal? b) Suppose the real risk-free rate in 2022 was 3.50% and inflation for the year was 3.0%. If investors had expected the same inflation rate as that actually realised, what was the exact nominal interest rate? c) Please define the risk-adjusted return on capital (RAROC).

Question 5 a) How do financial institutions help individuals to diversify their portfolio risks? Which financial institution is best able to achieve this goal? b) Suppose the real risk-free rate in 2022 was 3.50% and inflation for the year was 3.0%. If investors had expected the same inflation rate as that actually realised, what was the exact nominal interest rate? c) Please define the risk-adjusted return on capital (RAROC).

Essentials Of Investments

11th Edition

ISBN:9781260013924

Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Publisher:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.

Chapter1: Investments: Background And Issues

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PS

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Consider the following information in Figure 1 below for a portfolio including security A and security B: Figure 1 State of the economy Probability of state of economy Return on A (%) Return on B (%) Boom 0.2 15 5 Growth 0.2 -5 0 Normal 0.5 10 10 Recession 0.1 5 20 If you want to include one more security C into the above portfolio. (e.g., a new portfolio including securities A, B, and C), what is the new portfolio variance if you invest 40% of C and 60% of the old portfolio including A and B (50% weights for A and B)? Assume the standard deviation of C is 10%, and correlation coefficient between the old portfolio and C is 0.8.
Can you please answer this part c follow up question: c) Suppose the initial £90,000 is raised by borrowing at the risk-free interest rateinstead of issuing equity. What are the cash flows to equity and debt holders, andwhat is the initial value of the levered equity according to Modigliani and Miller’sPropositions? Is the company’s cost of equity the same as before? Overall, can thecompany raise the same amount of capital as before? Explain your reasoning.
Consider the following scenario analysis: Scenario Recession Normal economy Boom Rate of Return Probability Stocks Bonds 0.20 -6% 17% 0.60 19% 9% 0.20 30% 5% a. Is it reasonable to assume that Treasury bonds will provide higher returns in recessions than in booms? b. Calculate the expected rate of return and standard deviation for each investment. c. Which investment would you prefer? × Answer is not complete.
suppose that real risk free rate is 3.40% and the future rate of inflation is expected to be constant at 1.50%. What rate of return would you expect on a Treasury Bill, assuming the pure expectations theory is valid.
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Suppose interest rates on Treasury bonds rose from 5% to 9% as a result of higher interest rates in Europe. What effect would this have on the price of an average company's common stock? (Hint: in your explanation consider alternative investment to common stocks; a relatively riskless investment)
4. Present value Finding a present value is the reverse of finding a future value. is the process of calculating the present value of a cash flow or a series of cash flows to be received in the future. Which of the following investments that pay will $10,500 in 13 years will have a lower price today? O The security that earns an interest rate of 21.75%. O The security that earns an interest rate of 14.50%. Eric wants to invest in government securities that promise to pay $1,000 at maturity. The opportunity cost (interest rate) of holding the security is 13.80%. Assuming that both investments have equal risk and Eric's investment time horizon is flexible, which of the following investment options will exhibit the lower price? O An investment that matures in three years An investment that matures in four years Which of the following is true about present value calculations? O Other things remaining equal, the present value of a future cash flow increases if the investment time period…
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You own a portfolio with the following expected returns given the various states of the economy. What is the overall portfolio expected return? State of Economy Boom Normal Recession 0.0701 O 0.0648 0,0719 O 0.0548 Expected returns in various states of the economy Probability 0.0442 23.00% 70.00% 7.00% 13.00% 7.00% -10.00% Rate of Return
With reference to the information given above, Discuss the relationship between risk and return of the individual securities. Demonstrate the meaning and advantages of diversification by constructing a portfolio consisting of equal investments in the High-Tech Co. and the Counter- Cyclical Co. Explain your idea and show your work clearly. Perform calculations or quantitative analyses to support your answers where necessary.
1. You are trying to plan your investments for the next year. You have decided that the market will either be strong (a bull market), weak (a bear market) or normal. You think that stocks, bonds, and bills will earn the following returns in these scenarios: Scenario Bull market Normal market Bear market Probability 0.20 0.55 0.25 Stock Return 0.25 0.10 -0.15 Bond Return 0.06 0.03 0.02 Bill Return 0.03 0.03 0.03 You have also decided that you have a risk-aversion (A) of 8. (a) What is the expected return for each of the securities? (b) What is the volatility of each security return? What is the covariance between stock and bond returns? (d) If you combine stocks and bills as an investment, what is your op- timal combination? What is your expected return? What is your portfolio's volatility? (e) If you combine bonds and bills, what is your optimal combination? What is your expected return? What is your portfolio's volatility? (f) If you combine stocks and bonds, what is your optimal…
D3) Finance IS THIS TRUE OR FALSE? with proof if you can. "An investor is drawing the graph of implied volatility as a function of moneyness (wheremoneyness is measured as strike price divided by today’s stock price) for options on theexchange rate SEK/USD, using 3 months options with various strikes. According to theBlack-Scholes-Merton model the graph should, if markets are free of arbitrage, look like asmile with at-the-money options having low implied volatility and out-of the money andin-the-money options having high implied volatility" Is this statement true or false?

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