Question 49 The spheres below represent Li, Be, B, and F (not necessarily in that order). I. III. IV. In which do valence electrons experience the greatest effective nuclear charge, Zeff? II. !!.
Question 49 The spheres below represent Li, Be, B, and F (not necessarily in that order). I. III. IV. In which do valence electrons experience the greatest effective nuclear charge, Zeff? II. !!.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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II. 
III. 
IV. 
In which do valence electrons experience the greatest effective nuclear charge, \( Z_{\text{eff}} \)?
- O I.
- O III.
- O IV.
- O II.
### Explanation
This question is asking about the effective nuclear charge (\( Z_{\text{eff}} \)), which is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons. \( Z_{\text{eff}} \) increases across a period (from left to right on the periodic table) as the number of protons in the nucleus increases, while shielding by inner electrons does not significantly increase.
The relative sizes of the spheres can help infer which element could be Li, Be, B, or F. In this case, the largest sphere likely represents the element with the largest atomic radius and thus the smallest \( Z_{\text{eff}} \), while the smallest sphere represents the element with the highest \( Z_{\text{eff}} \).
Please select an option from the provided list based on your understanding of periodic trends and effective nuclear charge.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F985fbbf0-f8fa-4c87-a1a5-f926559935c9%2F0ad5b455-0deb-44e6-a6f2-055725cae8c3%2Fhdj4yei_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Question 49
The spheres below represent Li, Be, B, and F (not necessarily in that order).
I. 
II. 
III. 
IV. 
In which do valence electrons experience the greatest effective nuclear charge, \( Z_{\text{eff}} \)?
- O I.
- O III.
- O IV.
- O II.
### Explanation
This question is asking about the effective nuclear charge (\( Z_{\text{eff}} \)), which is the net positive charge experienced by valence electrons. \( Z_{\text{eff}} \) increases across a period (from left to right on the periodic table) as the number of protons in the nucleus increases, while shielding by inner electrons does not significantly increase.
The relative sizes of the spheres can help infer which element could be Li, Be, B, or F. In this case, the largest sphere likely represents the element with the largest atomic radius and thus the smallest \( Z_{\text{eff}} \), while the smallest sphere represents the element with the highest \( Z_{\text{eff}} \).
Please select an option from the provided list based on your understanding of periodic trends and effective nuclear charge.
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