Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**QUESTION 4: Fill in the blanks if you dare!**
**Diagram Explanation:**
This diagram presents a chemical reaction pathway with missing reactants and reagents. It consists of a two-step reaction process. The primary compound depicted at the bottom is a structural formula containing alcohol and halogen functional groups.
1. **Reactant Structures and Process:**
- The compound at the left consists of a structure with two carboxylic acid groups (displayed as -COOH) connected by a two-carbon chain. The structure likely represents malonic acid (HOOC-CH2-COOH).
2. **Reaction Steps:**
- **Step 1:** Sodium borohydride (NaBH₄), a reducing agent, is added to the reaction. This step typically involves the reduction of carboxylic acids to alcohols, although specific reaction details depend on the context of the reaction sequence.
- **Step 2:** Thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) is used, often for chlorination reactions or converting alcohols to chlorides.
3. **Final Product:**
- The resulting compound has a five-carbon chain with two hydroxyl groups (-OH) and a chlorine atom (Cl), along with a carbonyl group (C=O), indicating complex structural rearrangement from the initial molecules through the described reactions.
**Note:** Completing this sequence involves predicting the missing elements based on standard chemical transformations associated with the reagents provided.
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