Question 21 What is the correct IUPAC name of the following compound? H OAA A) cis-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane C) cis-1-ethyl-6-methylcyclohexane E) trans-1-propyl-2-methylcyclohexane ОВ. В OCC ODD H OEE CH₂CH3 CH3 B) trans-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane D) trans-1-ethyl-6-methylcyclohexane
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
The field of chemistry which deals with the studies of reactions, structures, and properties of organic compounds that comprise carbon bonded through covalent bonding is organic chemistry. The studies regarding the structure of organic compounds could be determined with the help of structural formulas. In order to know about the behavior of organic compounds, a study on the properties has to be done. Both physical properties and chemical properties, the origin of chemical reactivity come under the study regarding the properties of organic compounds. The chemical preparation of polymers, drugs, natural products, and the study of separate organic molecules in the lab come under the study of organic reactions.
Vinyl Group
Vinyl group is the name given to the functional group of -CH=CH2. It can be seen as an ethene molecule with one less hydrogen in number. Hence it is also called as ethenyl group at times.
Straight Chain Hydrocarbons
The requirement to identify each compound needs a richer number of words than informative prefixes like n and iso. The identification of organic molecules is made easier by the use of systematic nomenclature schemes. The organic chemistry nomenclature has two types: traditional and systematic. Common names arise in many forms, but share the characteristic that a link through name and form is unnecessary. The name that matches a certain structure clearly must be remembered as knowing a person's name. In contrast, systemic names, including an overall common set of laws, are locked specifically to the chemical structure.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
Following are few examples of alkenes with their general molecular as well as their structural formulas:
Conjugated Compounds in Organic Chemistry
The delocalization of electrons in a molecule is called conjugation in organic chemistry. This delocalisation process of electrons leads to the shortenings or elongations of chemical bonds, but at the same time it causes changes in the chemical properties in conjugated molecules as compared to the non-conjugated ones. For example, conjugated molecules absorb light at longer wavelengths.
Alpha Carbon And Alpha Protons
The carbon directly attached to the functional group in an organic molecule is referred to as the alpha carbon and the hydrogen attached to an alpha carbon are termed as the alpha hydrogens or alpha protons. These alpha carbon atoms and alpha hydrogen atoms are of importance because they undergo certain characteristic reactions in organic chemistry.
![**Question 22:**
**Choose the major resonance contributor(s) for the species in the box. Hint: Group 6 atoms have lone pairs; they are not shown in the structure.**
![Molecule in a box followed by four different resonance structures labeled I, II, III, and IV. Three of the four structures contribute to the resonance.]
The given molecule structure in the box shows a carbon skeleton with a positively charged carbon next to a sulfur bounded to a methyl group (SCH₃). Based on this structure, we need to identify the major resonance contributors among the options I, II, III, and IV.
**Resonance structures:**
- **Structure I**: Shows a double bond between the carbon atoms adjacent to the positively charged carbon.
- **Structure II**: Shows a positive charge on the sulfur atom with two lone pairs of electrons (not shown) and a double bond between the adjacent carbons.
- **Structure III**: Shows the same positive charge on a different carbon along with a lone pair on the adjacent sulfur (not shown).
- **Structure IV**: Displays a sulfur atom with a double bond and a positive charge on the adjacent carbon.
**Options:**
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) Both II and IV
**Answer Choices:**
- A potential answer could be that the major resonance contributors allow the delocalization of the positive charge effectively. The lone pairs of the sulfur atom will play a significant role, but since they're not shown, it's crucial to remember they exist while determining the resonance effect.
**Visual Explanation:**
In the provided image, each choice is depicted with clear molecular structures. The resonance contributors are intuitive and reflect how the electrons shift across bonds within the molecule. This helps demonstrate the stability acquired via resonance.
To conclude, understanding resonance structures helps predict the stability and reactivity of complex molecules. This particular question challenges one's understanding of electron delocalization principles essential in organic chemistry.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe4498e0d-5915-421f-a7a7-3ad8a56e2358%2F6c306958-92e9-4340-b795-570670a8852e%2Fm4mo0x7o_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![**Question 21**
**What is the correct IUPAC name of the following compound?**
![Chemical structure diagram]
(Chemical structure diagram shows a cyclohexane ring with substituents attached at positions 1 and 2. At position 1, there is an ethyl group (CH₂CH₃), and at position 2, there is a methyl group (CH₃). Both substituents are on the same side (cis).)
A) cis-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane
B) trans-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane
C) cis-1-ethyl-6-methylcyclohexane
D) trans-1-ethyl-6-methylcyclohexane
E) trans-1-propyl-2-methylcyclohexane
O A)
O B)
O C)
O D)
O E)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fe4498e0d-5915-421f-a7a7-3ad8a56e2358%2F6c306958-92e9-4340-b795-570670a8852e%2Fwnvhkhd_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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