Question 2: The circuit below is a synchronous sequential circuit based on D-type flip-flops (DFFs): X clock D1 DQ D2 Q1 DQ Q2 Z (a) Write the excitation and state equations for the two DFFs. (b) Express the output equation for the output z. (c) Determine the present and next state table of the circuit. (d) By using the result obtained in (c), sketch the circuit using JK flip-flops (JKFFs).

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Latches and Flip Flop

Just like logic gates, the latches and flip-flops are the important elements of an electronic circuit. The logic gates form the important part of combinatorial circuits, while the latches and flip-flops form the essential part of a sequential circuit. Sequential circuits form the important concept of automata theory in electronics and electrical engineering, these circuits are a kind of logic circuit whose output depends on both present input and past inputs, that is, the input history.