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- QUESTION 5 Based on the plasmid shown, what will you have to use to to distinguish and isolate the bacteria that successfully took up the plasmid? O Lactose O Tetracycline O Ampicillin O UV light to identify the glowing colonies O XgalQUESTION 5You are asked to recommend an antibiotic to treat potential pathogenicityt in an animal. Describe a method which will allow you to make this recommendation.Question 7 On which of these plates would you be most surprised to see colonies of E. coli growing after incubation? 1. antibiotic resistant E. coli on streptomycin positive plate 2. antibiotic resistant E. coli on streptomycin negative plate 3. antibiotic non-resistant E. coli on streptomycin positive plate 4. antibiotic non-resistant E. coli on streptomycin negative plate
- Question 39 Match the description to the correct phase in a standard bacterial growth curve best time to perform Gram stains [Choose] [Choose ] phase in which one would see the highest stationary phase concentration of endospores death/decline phase phase in which bacteria are most sensitive to lag phase antibiotics log/exponential stage many bacteria in biofilms are in this phase, thus are more resistant to antibiotics [ Choose ] stage at which "carrying capacity" is reached [ Choose ] phase in which bacteria are adjusting to new environment, synthesizing proteins, copying DNA in preparation for division [ Choose] phase when generation time/doubling time is [Choose] calculatedQuestion 20 Under what conditions do endospores typically form? O ideal conditions where bacteria thrive O normal conditions O harsh conditions such as extreme droughts Only when bacteria reproduce sexually through conjugationQUESTION 4 A bacteria does not grow on minimal media, or minimal media supplemented with leucine. It grows on rich media and on minimal media with Tryptophan. This bacteria is O A prototroph O An auxotroph to leucine O An auxotroph to tryptophan O An auxotroph to both leucine and tryptophan WT
- Question 34 Which of the following is NOT an example of innate antimicrobial drug resistance? slow growth (high doubling time) O having a tough, impermeable cell wall composition O having an outer membrane O recieving a gene for B-lactamase Question 35 Which of the folowing is a rationale behind semisynthetic antimicrobials? O Overcome bacterial resistance mechanisms O Increase dysbiosis O Decrease a drug's therapeutic index O Prevent uptake by bacterlal cellsQuestion 3 Cells have evolved methods of repairing UV irradiation damage. All of the following are repair mechanism for UV damage EXCEPT (which is false?) O excision repair O activation of photolyase O light repair O dark repair O increased protein synthesis to replace denatured proteins Question 4Question 14 Which group of bacteria below would be most resistant to antibioitcs? O wall-less bacteria e.g._ Mycoplasma_ O Gram-positive bacteria, e.g. _Streptococcus pyogenes_ AFB's e.g. _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ O Grams-negative bacteria e.g. _E. coli_ Question 15
- Question 1 Listen If you are given a sample with 1,000,000 pfu/mL of bacteriophage (Tube A) and plate 1mL of the sample on a TSA plate, what will you observe after 24 hours incubation? (How many plaques?) 100,000 because it is a 1:10 dilution. Zero because bacteriophage need a host to grow. More than 300 because it will be TNTC. 1,000,000 plaques because there are 1,000,000 phage in 1mL.QUESTION 13 A scientist would like to overexpress a lysosomal acid hydrolase in a cultured cell line as a way to investigate a potential therapy for a lysosomal storage disease. How might this scientist introduce a plasmid encoding this lysosomal enzyme into cells? O Scanning electron microscopy O Western blot analysis O Transfection with a lipid reagent (AKA liposomes) O Immunohistochemistry O Generate an organoid QUESTION 14 Heterotrimeric G-proteins that associate with the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) consist of which of the following? OA. beta subunits C B. O C. alpha subunits alpha, beta, and gamma subuni OD. beta and gamma subunits O E. gamma subunits QUESTION 15 The activation of a common effector molecule in the cytoplasm by signals from a variety of unrelated receptors is called OA. Divergence OB. Convergence OC. Crosstalk OD. Transvergence QUESTION 16QUESTION 6 A series of experiments were performed in Neurospora crassa in order to define the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. In one of these experiments, five tryptophan auxotrophs were isolated and tested for growth on tryptophan and five other known intermediates in the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway. The growth responses are shown below: Growth on Anthranilic Acid (AA) Growth on Indole Growth on Indole Glycerol Phosphate (IGP) Growth on Chorismic Acid (CA) Growth on N- Anthranilate (NA) Growth on Tryptophan Mutants: trp-1 trp-2 + + trp-3 + trp-4 + + + trp-5 + + + - + + + + + + Using the growth data in the above table, indicate the precursor (molecule that you start with) and the order of the intermediates in this pathway (please use exact spelling or abbreviation). Rxnl Rxn2 Rxn3 Rxn5 Tryptophan Rxn4 Indicate the mutant that is associated with the enzyme that catalyzes the reactions for tryptophan biosynthesis using the data given in the above table. Rxn1: Rxn2: Rxn3: Rxn4: Rxn5: