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Quantum conductance of metal atomic wires As we know, electrical conductance (G) of a bulk metal (in a shape of cylinder, with a length of Land transverse area of S) is given by ne?1 S 1 S G R - = -3 m¿UF L Where Ris electrical resistance, o is electrical conductivity, n is free electron concentration, e is electric charge of an electron, A is mean free path between collision, m, is the statistic mass of an electron, and vF is Fermi velocity of free electrons. When metals are shrunk in size to form metal atomic chains (Fig. a), they exhibit the guantization of G described by the Landauer formula, ww N 2e? G= -> Tn h n=1 where T, is the transport probability of an atomic chain that functions as a conduction tunnel, and Nis the total number of atomic chains. For many metals, Tn = 1. II tip Au substrate Figure a. Schematics of break junctions to create Au atomic chains.

Quantum conductance of metal atomic wires As we know, electrical conductance (G) of a bulk metal (in a shape of cylinder, with a length of Land transverse area of S) is given by ne?1 S 1 S G R - = -3 m¿UF L Where Ris electrical resistance, o is electrical conductivity, n is free electron concentration, e is electric charge of an electron, A is mean free path between collision, m, is the statistic mass of an electron, and vF is Fermi velocity of free electrons. When metals are shrunk in size to form metal atomic chains (Fig. a), they exhibit the guantization of G described by the Landauer formula, ww N 2e? G= -> Tn h n=1 where T, is the transport probability of an atomic chain that functions as a conduction tunnel, and Nis the total number of atomic chains. For many metals, Tn = 1. II tip Au substrate Figure a. Schematics of break junctions to create Au atomic chains.

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
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Explain the reason that metal atomic chains have quantized G, different from bulk metals

Quantum conductance of metal atomic wires As we know, electrical conductance (G) of a bulk metal (in a shape of cylinder, with a length of Land transverse area of S) is given by ne?1 S 1 S G R - = -3 m¿UF L Where Ris electrical resistance, o is electrical conductivity, n is free electron concentration, e is electric charge of an electron, A is mean free path between collision, m, is the statistic mass of an electron, and vF is Fermi velocity of free electrons. When metals are shrunk in size to form metal atomic chains (Fig. a), they exhibit the guantization of G described by the Landauer formula, ww N 2e? G= -> Tn h n=1 where T, is the transport probability of an atomic chain that functions as a conduction tunnel, and Nis the total number of atomic chains. For many metals, Tn = 1. II tip Au substrate Figure a. Schematics of break junctions to create Au atomic chains.
Transcribed Image Text:Quantum conductance of metal atomic wires As we know, electrical conductance (G) of a bulk metal (in a shape of cylinder, with a length of Land transverse area of S) is given by ne?1 S 1 S G R - = -3 m¿UF L Where Ris electrical resistance, o is electrical conductivity, n is free electron concentration, e is electric charge of an electron, A is mean free path between collision, m, is the statistic mass of an electron, and vF is Fermi velocity of free electrons. When metals are shrunk in size to form metal atomic chains (Fig. a), they exhibit the guantization of G described by the Landauer formula, ww N 2e? G= -> Tn h n=1 where T, is the transport probability of an atomic chain that functions as a conduction tunnel, and Nis the total number of atomic chains. For many metals, Tn = 1. II tip Au substrate Figure a. Schematics of break junctions to create Au atomic chains.
N. Agraït et al. / Physics Reports 377 (2003) 81–279 diffusive ballistic Fig. 13. Schematic illustration of a diffusive (left) and ballistic (right) conductor.
Transcribed Image Text:N. Agraït et al. / Physics Reports 377 (2003) 81–279 diffusive ballistic Fig. 13. Schematic illustration of a diffusive (left) and ballistic (right) conductor.
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