quantities chosen by firm 1 and firm 2 q1 and q2. The market price is given by p=50-2q1-4q2. Firm 1 faces a marginal of $2 and firm 2 faces a marginal cost c Question: Firm 1 moves first and firm 2 moves second. Find SPE. Calculate the equilibrium price and each firms
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- Save Answer Consider two cigarette companies, PM Inc. and Brown Inc. If neither company advertises, the two companies spit the market and earn $60 million each. If they both advertise, they again split the market, but profits are lower by $20 million since each company must bear the cost of advertisirlg. Yet if one company advertises while the other does not, the one that advertises attracts customers from the other. In this case, the company that advertises earns $70 million while the company that does not advertise earns only $30 million. What will these two companies do if they behave as individual profit maximizers? Neither company will advertise, and PM Inc. earns $60. One company will advertise, the other will not. Brown Inc. earns $70. Both companies will advertise, and PM Inc. earns $40. Both companies will advertise, and PM Inc. earns $60.Problem 3. Consider the following game with three firms. First, firms 1 and 2 si- multancously choose quantities q1 and q2 respectively. After observing firm 1 and 2's quantities, firm 3 chooses its quantity q3. There is no production cost and the inverse demand function is p= 12 – (91 +2 + 93). (a) Compute the SPNE of this game. (b) Give an example of Nash equilibrium s* with s = 4 and s, = 6 , that is not subgame perfect. game theory questionThere are two firms in the market (duopoly). These two firms are competingsimultaneously. The first firm chooses its output level (x) by predicting the second firm’soutput (y). Let c denote the total cost function c(x) = x and c(y) = y. Also, let’s assumethat the inverse demand function is p(Y) = 7 - Y where Y = x + y. (1) Obtain the reactionfunction of the first firm. (2) Find the equilibrium (output and profit of each firm) whentwo firms simultaneously compete
- (2) Two competing firms are each planning to introduce a new product. Each will decide whether to produce Product A, Product B, or Product C. They will make their choices at the same time. The resulting payoffs are shown below. Firm 2 A В C -10, -10 10, 0 20, 10 0, 10 -20, -20 15, -5 10, 20 -5, 15 -30, -30 А Firm 1 B C a. Are there any Nash equilibria in pure strategies? If so, what are they? b. If both firms use maxmin strategies, what outcome will result? c. If Firm 1 uses a maxmin strategy and Firm 2 knows this, what will Firm 2 do?Consider the following price game: Firm 1 Firm 2 High Low High 20, 20 12, 24 Low 24, 12 14, 14 Remark: In simultaneous move games (games with rows and columns) theconvention is to write the row player’s payoff first and the column player’spayoff second. (a) What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? Recall that for each playeryou should find the best response to each of the opponents’ strategies andunderline the associated payoff. Then look for a cell where both strategiesare best responses to each other. This is a Nash equilibrium. (b) Does either firm have a dominate strategy (a strategy that is always abest response)?1) What are the Nash equilibria? Which one is unreasonable/non-credible threat? 2) What are the subgame perfect Nash equilibria? Does SPNE concept eliminate the unreasonable Nash equilibrium?
- L 0 4 15.1 X₂ A M R 0 1 4 0 2 B L 4 0 с X3 M R 0 1 3 FIGURE 15.5 Exercise 15.1. Equilibrium Selection: Consider the extensive-form game in Figure 15.5. a. Find all the Bayesian Nash equilibria of this game. b. Which of the Bayesian Nash equilibria are also perfect Bayesian equi- libria? Why?4. Firm 1 and firm 2 are car producers. Each has the option of producing either a big car or a small car. The payoffs to each of the four possible combinations are given in the following payoff matrix. Each firm must make its choice without knowing what the other has chosen. The first number in each cell refers to the payoffs for Firm 2. FIRM 2 Big Car Small Car COMPANY ABC FIRM 1 Low Price Big Car 400, 400 High Price 800, 1000 a. Does either firm have a dominant strategy in this case? Explain your answer clearly. b. Identify all Nash equilibria for this game. Suppose there are 2 players in a non-cooperative game theory situation. Company ABC and Company JKL both sell books and can choose to charge a high price or a low price for a particular book that is very popular. The following matrix contains the payoffs that each company receives under 4 scenarios. The first number in each cell refers to the payoffs for Company ABC. COMPANY JKL Small Car Low Price 1000, 800 200, 300 100, 600…The payoff matrix below describes a one-shot game in which two farmers ("Player A" and "Player B") choose between planting corn or planting wheat. The payoffs in this matrix represent thousands of dollars of income, so more is better. Pla yer A Plant Corn Plant Wheat What kind of equilibrium is this? Plant Corn Dominant Strategy Equilibrium Nash equilibrium 3, 3 Player B 5,0 Both a Nash and a Dominant Strategy Equilibrium O No equilibrium Plant Wheat 0,5 1, 1
- Analyze payoff matrix below. a-) Consider the grim trigger strategy for the game? Analyze the conditions for which this strategy constitutes an subgame perfect equiillbria. b-) Analyze the conditions for the tit for tat strategy to be equilibrium for the following histories: Histories that ends with (C,C) and (C,D) p1/p2 D 3.3 0.5 D 5,0 1,1◄ Search 12:47 PM Sun Nov 12 ← Note Nov 12, 2023 Uptown's price strategy The Nash equilibrium occurs when High Low LED RareAir's price strategy High $12 $15 The more favorable outcome would be for $12 Tt ✪ $6 B Low $6 D $8. $15 $8 S O both firms have an incentive to deviate from this strategy given the strategy of the competing firm. It is shown by the dominant strategy of cell A. 92% neither firm has an incentive to deviate from this strategy given the strategy of the competing firm. It is shown by the dominant strategy of cell D. O one firm consistently has an incentive to deviate from this strategy given the strategy of the competing firm. It is shown by the high-price strategy of cell B. O one firm consistently has an incentive to deviate from this strategy given the strategy of the competing firm. It is shown by the high-price strategy of cell C. O the firms to collude and use the high-price strategy but this strategy requires cooperation. O one firm to take the lead and let the…Player 1 U D L 3,3 5,0 Player 2 R 0,5 1,1 a. Find the Nash equilibria, if any, in the game above. For each equilibrium, justify why it is a Nash equilibrium in a few sentences. b. Suppose this game was to be played infinitely many times between the two players. Find a condition for 8 such that the Pareto-optimal outcome can be attained. Find this for both players playing Grim Trigger in the infinite game.
