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Q4. B) Plotting the Energy Gradient Line (EGL) or Total Energy Line(TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) is useful in the design of pipe system. Using the TEL-HGL plot and the given information: the velocity V₁ in the 4 inch pipe is 36 ft/sec, the minor head loss due to sudden expansion is 0.25 ft as shown in the plot, find the following: (a) The total head loss (hu) and the elevation at B. (b) The discharge, Q in the pipe system (assume steady state conditions), velocity V₂ in the 6 inch pipe. (b) Complete the EGL-HGL plot by drawing the missing HGL line (need not be to scale)

Q4. B) Plotting the Energy Gradient Line (EGL) or Total Energy Line(TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) is useful in the design of pipe system. Using the TEL-HGL plot and the given information: the velocity V₁ in the 4 inch pipe is 36 ft/sec, the minor head loss due to sudden expansion is 0.25 ft as shown in the plot, find the following: (a) The total head loss (hu) and the elevation at B. (b) The discharge, Q in the pipe system (assume steady state conditions), velocity V₂ in the 6 inch pipe. (b) Complete the EGL-HGL plot by drawing the missing HGL line (need not be to scale)

Structural Analysis
Structural Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN:9781337630931
Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Please show all steps and all formulas used to solve this problem. Subject is fluid mechanics
**Educational Content on Energy Gradient and Hydraulic Grade Lines** **Q4. B) Explanation on Plotting Energy Gradient Line (EGL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL):** Plotting the Energy Gradient Line (EGL) or Total Energy Line (TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) is crucial for designing pipe systems. Given: - **Velocity \( V_1 \)** in the 4-inch pipe is 36 ft/sec. - Minor head loss due to sudden expansion is 0.25 ft (as shown in the plot). Tasks: (a) Determine the total head loss (\( h_L \)) and elevation at point B. (b) Calculate the discharge, \( Q \), in the pipe system assuming steady-state conditions, with velocity \( V_2 \) in the 6-inch pipe. (c) Complete the EGL-HGL diagram by drawing the missing HGL line (not to scale). **Diagram Explanation:** The diagram illustrates a horizontal pipe system with the following features: - **Point A** has an elevation of 100 ft. - The system transitions from a 4-inch pipe to a 6-inch pipe. - The Total Energy Line (TEL) is depicted, showing a gradual slope with a drop of 3 ft due to friction and an additional minor head loss of 0.25 ft at the expansion section. - **Point B** is at a lower elevation, marked with a 4 ft vertical drop from the endpoint of the TEL. - The flow direction is from left to right. - The hydraulic line (HGL) is not drawn but follows below the TEL, representing pressure energy excluding velocity head. This graphical representation allows for visualizing energy losses and assessing hydraulic performance in pipe systems.
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content on Energy Gradient and Hydraulic Grade Lines** **Q4. B) Explanation on Plotting Energy Gradient Line (EGL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL):** Plotting the Energy Gradient Line (EGL) or Total Energy Line (TEL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) is crucial for designing pipe systems. Given: - **Velocity \( V_1 \)** in the 4-inch pipe is 36 ft/sec. - Minor head loss due to sudden expansion is 0.25 ft (as shown in the plot). Tasks: (a) Determine the total head loss (\( h_L \)) and elevation at point B. (b) Calculate the discharge, \( Q \), in the pipe system assuming steady-state conditions, with velocity \( V_2 \) in the 6-inch pipe. (c) Complete the EGL-HGL diagram by drawing the missing HGL line (not to scale). **Diagram Explanation:** The diagram illustrates a horizontal pipe system with the following features: - **Point A** has an elevation of 100 ft. - The system transitions from a 4-inch pipe to a 6-inch pipe. - The Total Energy Line (TEL) is depicted, showing a gradual slope with a drop of 3 ft due to friction and an additional minor head loss of 0.25 ft at the expansion section. - **Point B** is at a lower elevation, marked with a 4 ft vertical drop from the endpoint of the TEL. - The flow direction is from left to right. - The hydraulic line (HGL) is not drawn but follows below the TEL, representing pressure energy excluding velocity head. This graphical representation allows for visualizing energy losses and assessing hydraulic performance in pipe systems.
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