Q4) A clay layer of 4m thickness is consolidated in the field under the load of temporary embankment , from the figure and soil profile shown below, determine the following ; 1) the time that required for 95% degree of consolidation (U=95%) .2) the settlement of the clay layer at this time ( U=95%). Fiker Y-18. 8 kN/m Sm 2.7m Embankmont (Very wide) GWT Cly: P~16. 8 kN/m 2m ,Ga 2.7, C2.1 m² /year LL-40% ,w46% 4m

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Consolidation parameters

Consolidation is the process of expulsion of pore water present in the voids of soil solids under the pressure of the applied load. This is a quick process in the case of coarse-grained soils since the permeability is high due to the presence of more voids, while it is a slow and gradual process in the case of clayey soil as the permeability of clay is less. An example of consolidation is the settlement of soil under a building due to the load coming from the building.