Q3(a) Figure Q3 shows an arrangement of the Cavendish balance for the measurement of the gravitational force. Gravitational force attracts the small masses toward the large masses. Thus it is causing the vertical quartz fiber to twist. The small balls reach a new equilibrium position when the elastic torque exerted by the twisted quartz fiber balances the torque due to the gravitational forces on the small masses. Quartz fiber m2 Large mass (m2) Small mass (m,) Figure Q3 (i) The mass mi of one of the small spheres of a Cavendish balance is 0.0100 kg, the mass m2 of the nearest large sphere is 0.500 kg, and the center-to-center distance between them is 0.0500 m. Find the gravitational force on each sphere due to the other with necessary assumptions.
Angular Momentum
The momentum of an object is given by multiplying its mass and velocity. Momentum is a property of any object that moves with mass. The only difference between angular momentum and linear momentum is that angular momentum deals with moving or spinning objects. A moving particle's linear momentum can be thought of as a measure of its linear motion. The force is proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum. Angular momentum is always directly proportional to mass. In rotational motion, the concept of angular momentum is often used. Since it is a conserved quantity—the total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant—it is a significant quantity in physics. To understand the concept of angular momentum first we need to understand a rigid body and its movement, a position vector that is used to specify the position of particles in space. A rigid body possesses motion it may be linear or rotational. Rotational motion plays important role in angular momentum.
Moment of a Force
The idea of moments is an important concept in physics. It arises from the fact that distance often plays an important part in the interaction of, or in determining the impact of forces on bodies. Moments are often described by their order [first, second, or higher order] based on the power to which the distance has to be raised to understand the phenomenon. Of particular note are the second-order moment of mass (Moment of Inertia) and moments of force.
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