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- Explain why the following statements are false.a. “The aggregate-demand curve slopes downwardbecause it is the horizontal sum of the demandcurves for individual goods.”b. “The long-run aggregate-supply curve is verticalbecause economic forces do not affect long-runaggregate supply.”For each of the three theories for the upward slopeof the short-run aggregate.supply curve, carefullyexplain the following:aA how the econom}' recovers from a recession andreturns to its long-run equilibrium without anypolicy interventionb. what determines the speed of that recoveryAssume an economy operates in the intermediate range of its aggregate supplycurve. For each of the following changes in conditions, state the direction of theeffect on:1. aggregate demand, 2. aggregate supply, 3. price level, and 4. real GDP. (a) An increase in government expenditure in infrastructureClick or tap here to enter text.(b) A severe recession occurs in a country, which has been a major importer of thenation’s exports.Click or tap here to enter text.(c) The federal government increases business taxesClick or tap here to enter text.(d) The Central Bank increases the cash interest rate
- Given the following aggregate aggragate supply šchedule.() Price level Real GDp Deman ded Real GDP Supplied Short-RuN 70 80 90 100 110 450 400 350 300 350 400 450 500 250 350 4 the potential RGDP iŷ 450 units of us¢o 4) Draw and Show the short-run economic equilibrium and evaluate the situation by comparing with the long (hAs)explain this sifuation. geyate suppy (LAS) run aggregeafe plain ttis situationDuring the Great Depression, the U.S. aggregate demand curve shifted to the left, in part, because there was an increase in stock prices. Othere were advances in technology in manufacturing. the U.S. government decreased taxes. Othere was an increase in the U.S. population. O a large number of U.S. banks failed.Explain whether each of the following events shiftsthe short-run aggregate-supply curve, the aggregatedemand curve, both, or neither. For each event thatdoes shift a curve, draw a diagram to illustrate theeffect on the economy.a. Households decide to save a larger share of theirincome.b. Florida orange groves suffer a prolonged period ofbelow-freezing temperatures.c. Increased job opportunities overseas cause manypeople to leave the country.
- Suppose firms become optimistic about futurebusiness conditions and invest heavily in new capitalequipment.a. Draw an aggregate-demand/aggregate-supplydiagram to show the short-run effect of thisoptimism on the economy. Label the new levels ofprices and real output. Explain in words why theaggregate quantity of output supplied changes.b. Now use the diagram from part (a) to show thenew long-run equilibrium of the economy. (Fornow, assume there is no change in the long-runaggregate-supply curve.) Explain in words whythe aggregate quantity of output demanded changesbetween the short run and the long run.c. How might the investment boom affect thelong-run aggregate-supply curve? Explain.Assume an economy operates in the intermediate range of its aggregate supplycurve. For each of the following changes in conditions, state the direction of theeffect on: aggregate demand, aggregate supply, price level, real GDP.(a) A decrease in government expenditure in infrastructure(b) A severe recession occurs in a country which has been a major importer of thenation’s exports.(c) The federal government increases business taxes with diagramAssume an economy operates in the intermediaterange of its aggregate supply curve. State thedirection of shift for the aggregate demandor aggregate supply curve for each of thefollowing changes in conditions. What is theeffect on the price level? On real GDP? Onemployment?a. The price of crude oil rises significantly.b. Spending on national defense doubles.c. The costs of imported goods increase.d. An improvement in technology raises laborproductivity.
- Describe three types of short-run macroeconomic equilibrium. A macroeconomic equilibrium in which real GDP equals potential GDP is And one in which real GDP exceeds potential GDP is equilibrium. A. a full-employment; an above full-employment OB. an above full-employment; a full-employment OC. an above full-employment; an inflationary OD. a full-employment; a recessionary equilibrium. The graph shows an economy's long-run aggregate supply curve. The economy is at a below full-employment equilibrium Draw an aggregate demand curve and a short-run aggregate supply curve. Label them. Draw a point at the short-run equilibrium. 150 140- 130- 120- 110- 100 90+ Price level (GDP deflator, 2007=100) 1.5 LAS 2.1 Q Q 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.7 Real GDP (trillions of 2007 dollars) >>> Draw only the objects specified in the question.Suppose the economy is in a long-run equilibrium.a. Draw a diagram to illustrate the state of theeconomy. Be sure to show aggregate demand,short-run aggregate supply, and long-runaggregate supply.b. Now suppose that a stock market crash causesaggregate demand to fall. Use your diagramto show what happens to output and the pricelevel in the short run. What happens to theunemployment rate?c. Use the sticky-wage theory of aggregate supplyto explain what happens to output and the pricelevel in the long run (assuming no change inpolicy). What role does the expected price levelplay in this adjustment? Be sure to illustrate youranalysis in a graph.What is the role of daynamic in macroeconomic? What are the diffrence between static and daynamic?