Q2: A force F with a magnitude of 100 N is applied at the origin O of the axes x-y-z as shown. The line of action of F passes through a point A whose coordinates are 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m. Determine (a) the x, y, and z scalar components of F, (b) the projection Fxy of F on the x-y plane, and (c) the projection FoB Oof F along the line OB.

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A: Consider the given cross-section.

System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.