Answered: Q15.6 Profile This energy diagram is…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Transcribed Image Text:### Q15.6 Profile This energy diagram is for a two-step reaction. What is the faster step, Step 1 or Step 2 of the reaction? - ☐ Step 1 is faster - ☐ Step 2 is faster ### Q15.7 Profile This energy diagram is for a two-step reaction. Overall this reaction is - ☐ Endothermic - ☐ Exothermic - ☐ Endergonic - ☐ Exergonic ### Q15.8 Profile This energy diagram is for a two-step reaction. Which step is the rate-limiting step? - ☐ Step 1 is the rate-limiting step - ☐ Step 2 is the rate-limiting step #### Diagram Explanation The diagram likely displays energy levels over the course of a reaction. Typical features of such diagrams include: - **Activation Energy Peaks**: Representing the energy needed to reach the transition state for each step. - **Energy of Reactants and Products**: Indicating whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic based on the energy levels of reactants versus products. - **Intermediates**: Any intermediate states between the two steps may be shown. Understanding the diagram will help determine which step is faster (faster steps usually have lower peaks) and whether the reaction is endothermic/exothermic or endergonic/exergonic based on the net energy changes between reactants and products. The rate-limiting step is typically the step with the highest energy peak.

**Q15: Energy Diagram**

Answer a few questions about the following energy diagram:

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The diagram illustrates the Gibbs free energy (\( \Delta G \)) changes during a chemical reaction as the reaction progresses.

- The vertical axis represents \( \Delta G \) in kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).
- The horizontal axis depicts the reaction progress.

Key features of the diagram:

- **Point A:** The starting point of the reaction with a certain energy level.
- **Point B:** Represents the peak energy level of the first transition state of the reaction, indicating the activation energy required.
- **Point C:** Indicates an intermediate state where the energy is lower than point B but higher than the starting and ending points.
- **Point D:** Represents a second transition state with another peak energy level.
- **Point E:** The ending point of the reaction, showing a lower energy level than the starting point, indicating that the reaction is exergonic or releases energy overall.

The diagram illustrates the energy barriers that need to be overcome and helps in understanding the reaction mechanism and kinetics.

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