Q1) Define the C-S-H phase of cement paste.Q2) Discuss the effect of water-cement ratio on the quality ofhardened concrete. Explain why this effect happens.Q3) In order to evaluate the suitability of nonpotable wateravailable at the job site for mixing concrete, six standard mortarcubes were made using that water and six others using potablewater. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after 7days of curing and produced the loads to failure (in pounds)shown in Table:Cubes Made with Nonpotable Water Cubes Made with Potable Water14,53016,53016,82017,92015,69018,82016,72015,82014,16016,10015,87014,380Based on these results only, would you accept that water formixing concrete according to ASTM C94?

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Engineering

Civil Engineering

Q1) Define the C-S-H phase of cement paste.

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Types of Cement

Cement is a fine mixture of limestone, chalk, or marl and clay which when mixed with water, becomes compacted due to the formation of strong molecular bonds. Due to hydration, cement turns into a hard mass when left for a sufficient amount of time upon mixing with water. The water turns the cement compounds into gel-like submicroscopic particles having higher surface areas. It is due to the hydration properties of cement, they are often known as hydraulic cement. For instance, Portland cement is a popular example in this category.

Question

Q1) Define the C-S-H phase of cement paste.
Q2) Discuss the effect of water-cement ratio on the quality of
hardened concrete. Explain why this effect happens.
Q3) In order to evaluate the suitability of nonpotable water
available at the job site for mixing concrete, six standard mortar
cubes were made using that water and six others using potable
water. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after 7
days of curing and produced the loads to failure (in pounds)
shown in Table:
Cubes Made with Nonpotable Water Cubes Made with Potable Water
14,530
16,530
16,820
17,920
15,690
18,820
16,720
15,820
14,160
16,100
15,870
14,380
Based on these results only, would you accept that water for
mixing concrete according to ASTM C94?

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