Q) An inductive proximity sensor is used to detect the presence of car in traffic lights. The output circuit of the sensor produces a sin oidal signal at 30 KHz. This signal is usually mixed with a random high and low frequency noise around the signal. Design a suitable cascaded bandpass filter to remove the unwanted signals given that the width of the passband region is no more than 10 KHz. Also, sketch the magnitude and phase responses of the filter.

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Thermistors

A thermistor is a special type of resistor whose resistance is more temperature-dependent than standard resistors.  The resistance of the thermistor decreases with increasing temperature. This is the basic principle of thermistors. This allows the thermistor circuit to detect very small temperature changes that cannot be observed with the Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) or the thermocouples. Since the resistance of a thermistor is temperature dependent, it can be connected to an electrical circuit to measure body temperature. This high sensitivity to temperature changes makes thermistors very useful for accurately controlling and calibrating temperature measurements. In general, resistance increases with increasing temperature in most metals, but thermistors react negatively.