Q 23.21: Last year, Alpha Corporation spent $250,000 to repurchase 15,000 shares of its own outstanding common stock. The company also paid $40,000 in interest on a construction loan that it had obtained from its bank. How should these transactions be reflected on Alpha’s annual statement of cash flows, and why? A : The two transactions should be reported in separate sections of the statement because one involves long-term assets while the other involves long-term liability. Specifically, Alpha should record a $250,000 cash outflow in the investing section and a $40,000 cash outflow in the financing section. B : The two transactions should be reported in separate sections of the statement because one involves a change in equity while the other involves a change in income. Specifically, Alpha should record a $250,000 cash outflow in the financing section and a $40,000 cash outflow in the operating section. C : Both transactions should be reported in the operating activities section of the statement because both involve alterations in the company’s income. Because the two transactions are unrelated, they should be recorded separately—as a $250,000 cash outflow from the stock repurchase and a $40,000 cash outflow from the interest payment. D : Both transactions should be reported in the financing activities section of the statement because both involve long-term liability and/or equity items. Because the two transactions are unrelated, they should be recorded separately—as a $250,000 cash outflow from the stock repurchase and a $40,000 cash outflow from the interest payment.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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A :The two transactions should be reported in separate sections of the statement because one involves long-term assets while the other involves long-term liability. Specifically, Alpha should record a $250,000
cash outflow in the investing section and a $40,000 cash outflow in the financing section. -
B :The two transactions should be reported in separate sections of the statement because one involves a change in equity while the other involves a change in income. Specifically, Alpha should record a $250,000 cash outflow in the financing section and a $40,000 cash outflow in the operating section.
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C :Both transactions should be reported in the operating activities section of the statement because both involve alterations in the company’s income. Because the two transactions are unrelated, they should be recorded separately—as a $250,000 cash outflow from the stock repurchase and a $40,000 cash outflow from the interest payment.
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D :Both transactions should be reported in the financing activities section of the statement because both involve long-term liability and/or equity items. Because the two transactions are unrelated, they should be recorded separately—as a $250,000 cash outflow from the stock repurchase and a $40,000 cash outflow from the interest payment.
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