Q-2 Water flows through a vertical contraction (venturi) section. Piezometers are attached to the upstream pipe and minimum area section as shown. The velocity in the pipe is 3 mis. The difference in elevation between the two water levels in the piezometers is 15 cm. What is the velocity at the minimum area? 15 cm 3 m/s

Refer to Figure P3.3. Use Eqs. (3.10) and (3.11) to determine the variation of OCR and preconsolidation pressure c. FIGURE P3.3

Refer to Figure 7.24. The following data were collected during the field permeability measurement of a confined aquifer using a pumping test. Determine the hydraulic conductivity of the permeable layer. Use Eq. (7.49). Thickness of the aquifer, H = 4.5 m Piezometric level and radial distance of the first observation well: h1 = 2.9 m; r1 = 17.8 m Piezometric level and radial distance of the second observation well: h2 = 1.8 m; r2 = 8.1 m Rate of discharge from pumping, q = 0.5 m3/min

A sand has Gs = 2.66. Calculate the hydraulic gradient that will cause boiling for e = 0.35, 0.45, 0.55, 0.7, and 0.8.