Provide complete arguments/proofs for the following. a) A is invertible iff there exists a matrix B so that AB = BA = I. It is simple to show that: (i) If A is invertible and AB = I, then BA = I as well and B is the unique such matrix. (ii) If A is invertible and BA = I, then AB = I as well and B is the unique such matrix. This shows that if A is invertible, then there is a unique matrix B such that AB = I or BA = I. Call this unique matrix A-1. The goal here is to show that the assumption “A is invertible” is not needed in (i) or (ii). Prove: Let A and B be square matrices with AB = I. Show that A is invertible and hence B = A-1.     b) Prove: NS(A) = NS(AT A) for any matrix A.   c) Prove: If A and B are m x n matrices such that Ax = Bx for all x∈ Rn, then A = B.

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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Provide complete arguments/proofs for the following.

  1. a) A is invertible iff there exists a matrix B so that AB = BA = I. It is simple to

show that:

(i) If A is invertible and AB = I, then BA = I as well and B is the unique such

matrix.

(ii) If A is invertible and BA = I, then AB = I as well and B is the unique such

matrix.

This shows that if A is invertible, then there is a unique matrix B such that AB = I

or BA = I. Call this unique matrix A-1.

The goal here is to show that the assumption “A is invertible” is not needed in (i)

or (ii).

Prove: Let A and B be square matrices with AB = I. Show that A is invertible

and hence B = A-1.

 

 

  1. b) Prove: NS(A) = NS(AT A) for any matrix A.

 

  1. c) Prove: If A and B are m x n matrices such that Ax = Bx for all x∈ Rn, then

A = B.

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