Provide an explanation of any religious, literary, traditional, or ritualistic cultural references in the assigned reading. Find 2-3 outside sources to help provide a fuller picture beyond what Chugh addresses. **Title:** Educate and Occasionally Confront Others---**Saying Something (Usually) Does Matter****Introduction:**This section explores the impact of social norms and the importance of speaking out against biased behaviors, even in uncomfortable situations.**Personal Anecdote:**The narrator recounts an incident at an Indian wedding where they reacted to a guest's homophobic "joke." Though the reaction felt futile, research suggests that confronting biased behavior can influence attitudes and reduce bias in the long term.**Research Insights:**1. **Social Norms and Behavior:** - Social norms guide behavior, often dictating approval or disapproval from peers. - People tend to adhere to these norms, like greeting strangers or voting habitually.2. **Media Influence:** - Psychologist Elizabeth Levy Paluck highlights media's role in shaping perceptions of norms, even if beliefs remain unchanged. - Her additional research suggests that prejudiced behavior is influenced by perceived acceptance among others.3. **Implications of Change:** - Altering social norms can lead to behavior change. - One person challenging a norm can inspire others, making unaccepted behaviors less likely.**Bystander Effect:**The narrative discusses how perceptions of responsibility are altered in groups—known as the "bystander effect." This can influence how likely individuals are to act or confront issues, pushing for more active responses when witnessing inappropriate behavior.**Conclusion:**While speaking out may seem inconsequential at times, it can catalyze broader social change, especially in reducing prejudice and promoting positive norms, such as reducing bullying through small group interventions rather than broad campaigns.**Overall Message:**Encouraging individual action against biases and educating others can foster a more inclusive and understanding environment, as even small changes can significantly affect social dynamics.**Note:** This text serves as an educational resource to understand the value of confronting bias and promoting social change through individual actions and normative influence.

Answered: Provide an explanation of any…

Ciccarelli: Psychology_5 (5th Edition)

5th Edition

ISBN:9780134477961

Author:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White

Publisher:Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White

Chapter1: The Science Of Psychology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1TY

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Question

Provide an explanation of any religious, literary, traditional, or ritualistic cultural references in the assigned reading. Find 2-3 outside sources to help provide a fuller picture beyond what Chugh addresses.

**Title:** Educate and Occasionally Confront Others

---

**Saying Something (Usually) Does Matter**

**Introduction:**
This section explores the impact of social norms and the importance of speaking out against biased behaviors, even in uncomfortable situations.

**Personal Anecdote:**
The narrator recounts an incident at an Indian wedding where they reacted to a guest's homophobic "joke." Though the reaction felt futile, research suggests that confronting biased behavior can influence attitudes and reduce bias in the long term.

**Research Insights:**
1. **Social Norms and Behavior:**
- Social norms guide behavior, often dictating approval or disapproval from peers.
- People tend to adhere to these norms, like greeting strangers or voting habitually.

2. **Media Influence:**
- Psychologist Elizabeth Levy Paluck highlights media's role in shaping perceptions of norms, even if beliefs remain unchanged.
- Her additional research suggests that prejudiced behavior is influenced by perceived acceptance among others.

3. **Implications of Change:**
- Altering social norms can lead to behavior change.
- One person challenging a norm can inspire others, making unaccepted behaviors less likely.

**Bystander Effect:**
The narrative discusses how perceptions of responsibility are altered in groups—known as the "bystander effect." This can influence how likely individuals are to act or confront issues, pushing for more active responses when witnessing inappropriate behavior.

**Conclusion:**
While speaking out may seem inconsequential at times, it can catalyze broader social change, especially in reducing prejudice and promoting positive norms, such as reducing bullying through small group interventions rather than broad campaigns.

**Overall Message:**
Encouraging individual action against biases and educating others can foster a more inclusive and understanding environment, as even small changes can significantly affect social dynamics.

**Note:** This text serves as an educational resource to understand the value of confronting bias and promoting social change through individual actions and normative influence.

Expert Solution

Step 1

This is a rather fetching piece on social influence that is widely prevalent in every person and every action that we might undertake. Because we might feel it embedded into our subconscious and we might become more likely to continue this pattern just because we observed it somewhere else. We often replicate styles, dressing sense, hairstyle, etc by what we observe in the outside world and this is due to the conditioning of such ideas and embedding of such ideas into our subconscious.