Prove that every conditionally convergent series of real numbers that does not converge absolutely can be rearranged to have any prescribed real limit.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**The Riemann Series Theorem**

The statement in question addresses a fascinating mathematical phenomenon:

"Prove that every conditionally convergent series of real numbers that does not converge absolutely can be rearranged to have any prescribed real limit."

**Explanation:**

This theorem reflects the surprising property of conditionally convergent series, which are series that converge, but do not converge absolutely (i.e., the series of their absolute values diverges). The most famous example of such a series is the alternating harmonic series.

The remarkable aspect of the theorem is that through rearranging the terms of such a series, one can make the series converge to any real number, or even diverge to positive or negative infinity. This result is a striking demonstration of how sensitive conditional convergence is to the order of terms.

Understanding this theorem requires familiarity with concepts such as series convergence, conditional versus absolute convergence, and the implications of rearranging series terms.
Transcribed Image Text:**The Riemann Series Theorem** The statement in question addresses a fascinating mathematical phenomenon: "Prove that every conditionally convergent series of real numbers that does not converge absolutely can be rearranged to have any prescribed real limit." **Explanation:** This theorem reflects the surprising property of conditionally convergent series, which are series that converge, but do not converge absolutely (i.e., the series of their absolute values diverges). The most famous example of such a series is the alternating harmonic series. The remarkable aspect of the theorem is that through rearranging the terms of such a series, one can make the series converge to any real number, or even diverge to positive or negative infinity. This result is a striking demonstration of how sensitive conditional convergence is to the order of terms. Understanding this theorem requires familiarity with concepts such as series convergence, conditional versus absolute convergence, and the implications of rearranging series terms.
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