Prove by induction: If n € N, then n < 2"
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
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Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 9: Proof by Induction**
**Statement:** Prove by induction: If \( n \in \mathbb{N} \), then \( n < 2^n \).
**Explanation:**
The statement is asking you to demonstrate, using mathematical induction, that for every natural number \( n \), the inequality \( n < 2^n \) holds true.
**Key Concepts:**
- **Mathematical Induction:** A proof technique used to demonstrate the truth of an infinite number of cases. It consists of two main steps:
1. *Base Case:* Prove the statement for the initial value (usually \( n = 1 \)).
2. *Inductive Step:* Assume the statement is true for \( n = k \), and then prove it is true for \( n = k + 1 \).
**Procedure:**
1. **Base Case**: Verify the statement for the smallest natural number.
- Show that \( 1 < 2^1 \).
2. **Inductive Step**: Assume the statement is true for \( n = k \), meaning \( k < 2^k \).
- Now show that \( k + 1 < 2^{k+1} \).
This approach systematically demonstrates the inequality for all natural numbers.
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