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- Consider the positively charged amino acid lysine Lys2+ 21 COOH I H&N-C-H I pH 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 CH₂ I CH₂ I CH₂ I CH₂ T NH₂+ 0 Nelson p85 2.18 = 2.18 PK₁ Lys+ COO™ I H₂N-C-H H₂N-C-H ī I -----) 8.95 Lysº 8.95 pK₂ pka carboxyl = 2.19 pkaamino = 9.67 pka sidechain = 4.25 COO™ I CH₂ I CH₂ I CH₂ I CH₂ I NH₂¹ 1.0 2.0 Equivalents of OH added- COO™ I H₂N-C-H I 10.79 1 10.79 pk Isoelectric point Lys CH₂2 I CH₂ I CH₂ I CH₂ T NH₂ 3.0 +H3N NH3+ T CH₂ T CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ -COO™ H Lysine (Lys, K) Physiological pH = 7.4 < pl → Amino acid is positively charged at physiological pH 1. Consider glutamate in its fully protonated form (e.g. in a pH = 1 solution) 1) Draw all the forms of glutamate at various pH 2) Calculate the pl of this amino acid 3) Sketch a titration curve showing pH as a function of added [OH-] and locate the predominant forms of histidine in the curve STEPS: 1. Find the H atoms that can be removed on the molecule 2. Associated a pka value to each removable H. 3. Draw the Aa structure at:…NAZO NHZ Ala-Cys-Glu -Tyr - Trp - Lys - Arg - His -Pro-G ly Glu pka 4.15 SH Tyr 10.10 Draw Charges Lys 10.67 Olt A3 12.10 +NH₂ Ntrm 2) Calculate net charge 3) write out I letter code 300 Ctim 3 juli of peptich (above) Ⓒ pH; 1,7,12Explain the Titrimetric profile of Lysine in figure 2.
- I. A protein, X, was Isolated from a pathogenlc mlcroorganism. The proteln Is a vlrulence factor whose path0genlclty lies In a heptapeptide of unknown sequence. After trypsin cleavage of the heptapeptide from protein X, the peptlde's compOsition and sequence was determined. The fOllowing were the results of the sequenclng process: 1. When the peptide was treated with dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), DNP-asp and a mixture of amino acids were produced. 2. When the same Intact peptide was treated with streptococcal protease, a pentapeptide of composition asp, asN, cys, gly and ser and 2 amlno acids were released. 3. When the heptapeptlde was also treated with hydrOxylamine HCI, a tripeptide and a tetrapeptide were obtained. The C-terminal amino acid of the tripeptide was asN. 1) What is the sequence of the heptapeptide if it is composed of cys, asp, lys, asN, gly and ser only? 2) What is the pl of the heptapeptide?(a) 1 Normalized fluorescence 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1.7.0- 50 55 OM 0.100 M 0.200 M 0.300 M 0.500 M 1.00 M 2.00 M Where is fully folded protein? • Where is fully unfolded protein? • Where is partially folded protein? 60 A 65 Temp. (°C) 70 75 80 To what does SYPRO orange bind? • Why does fluorescence increase as a function of temperature? • Define a melting temperature for a protein. • Demonstrate how an estimated melting temperature of the protein in zero molar ligand can be determined. • What is the effect of increasing the molar concentration on melting temperature for this protein? Why is melting temperature a useful measurement to make for a protein especially if you are interested in protein aggregation?wnich snows tne specinicity pockets. The S pocket nas a Ra glutamic acid in the bottom, the S2 pocket is small and hydrophobic, and the S,' pocket is deep and hydrophobic. Suggest a 3-amino acid sequence that this protease would R2 H cleave and indicate between which sites the peptide bond would be broken. S2 Which sequence would this protease cleave? Val-Lys-Phe Phe-Lys-Val Lys-Phe-Val Val-Phe-Lys Phe-Val-Lys O Lys-Val-Phe The peptide bond that is broken is between which sites? O S2 and S,' OS, and S,' O S2 and S1 O S2 and S1, and S and S,' IZ
- Two proteins, A and B, bind to the same ligand, L, with the binding curvesshown below. What is the dissociation constant, Kd , for each protein? Which protein (A or B) has a greater affinity for ligand L?How many copies of a protein need to be present in a cell in order for it to be visible as a band on an SDS gel? Assume that you can load 100 µg of cell extract onto a gel and that you can detect 10 ng in a single band by sil ver staining the gel. The concentration of protein in cells is about 200 mg/mL, and a typical mammalian cell has a volume of about 1000 μm³ and a typical bacterium a vol ume of about 1 µm³. Given these parameters, calculate the number of copies of a 120-kd protein that would need to be present in a mammalian cell and in a bacterium in order to give a detectable band on a gel. You might try an order-of-magnitude guess before you make the calcula tions.(c) The tube and cylinder diagram to the right illus- trates schematically the potassium channel protein from a bacterium. This channel protein consists of four identical polypeptide chains each comprised of 119 residues. The cyan ribbon illustrates only two of the polypeptide chains. The relative positions of 4 α-helices, one from each poly- peptide chain, are shown as cylinders. The red sphere in the central part of the diagram shows the position of a potas- sium ion identified by X-ray structure analysis. A cesium ion (green sphere) was also found to be stabilized in the same position when cesium chloride was introduced into the crys- tals. The cylinders each represent an α-helix running from Tyr62 to Thr74. Considering the position of the potassium ion, in- dicate on one of the cylinders at which end of the cylinder residue Tyr62 is found and at which end residue Thr74 is found. Explain the basis of your answer? Ala23 Thr119 (d) The N- and C-terminal residues of one of the…
- .A protein gives a single band on SDS gel electrophoresis, as shown in lanes 1 and 2 below. There is little if any effect from addingElectrophoresis is performed at PH 6.8 on a mixture of mutated hemoglobin that differ from normal haemoglobin (Hb) only by the substitution of one amino acid- Hb X: Val replaced par Glu - Hb Y: Asp replaced by Leu - Hb Z: Glu replaced by Lys What will be the order of migration between cathode and anode of these mutated Hb compared to normal Hb? Justify your answer.1 Among the given statements, which ones describe an alpha helix? Select the correct response(s): a. Ten turns of the helix will have 40 amino acid residues. b. It has a corkscrew shape that is sinistral in nature. c. It is represented by an arrow in protein caricature. d. It has a corkscrew shape that is dextral in nature. e. Ten turns of the helix will cover a distance of 5.4 nanometers. f. It is represented by an looped string in protein caricature. g. Ten turns of the helix will have 10 H-bonds
