programming language permits indexing of arrays with character subscripts; for example, CHR_ARRAY[‘A’:’D’]. In such a case, the elements of the array are CHR_ARRAY[‘A’], CHR_ARRAY[‘B’], and so on, and the ordinal number (ORD) of the characters, namely, ORD(‘A’) = 1, ORD(‘B’) = 2, ORD(‘Z’) = 26 and so on, is used to denote the index. Now, two arrays TEMP[1:5, -1:2] and CODE[‘A’:’Z’, 1:2] are stored in memory beginning from address 500. Additionally, CODE succeeds TEMP in storage. Calculate the addresses of (i) TEMP[5, -1], (ii) CODE[‘N’,2] and (iii) CODE[‘Z’,1].

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Randomized Select Algorithm

A randomized algorithm is defined as one that uses a certain amount of randomization in its logic or operation. It is said to be an algorithm that depends on the random number to perform its operation. It is used for reducing the overall time complexity, space complexity in the standard algorithm. The randomized algorithm uses the concept of random numbers to find the solutions to the different kinds of problems and also to improve the problem solutions.