Producers or Primary Producers: Also called ________________, make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from non-living sources. Producers include plants, some protists, and many prokaryotes. Consumers: Obtain energy and nutrients by ____________ other organisms. Consumers are generally____________; some are protists and others are prokaryotes. Decomposers: Are _____________________ that absorb energy and nutrients from wastes or dead organisms. Decomposers include fungi; some animals, some_______________, many prokaryotes Homeostasis is the process by which a cell or organism maintains ______________ _______________ Homeostasis is the optimal balance. Organisms_________________, grow and develop: Reproduction can be asexual
Producers or Primary Producers: Also called ________________, make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from non-living sources. Producers include plants, some protists, and many prokaryotes.
Consumers: Obtain energy and nutrients by ____________ other organisms. Consumers are generally____________; some are protists and others are prokaryotes.
Decomposers: Are _____________________ that absorb energy and nutrients from wastes or dead organisms. Decomposers include
Homeostasis is the process by which a cell or organism maintains ______________ _______________ Homeostasis is the optimal balance.
Organisms_________________, grow and develop: Reproduction can be asexual or sexual
In asexual reproduction only ______ ______________is involved, and the offspring are genetically _____________________to the parent. – In Unchanging environments
In sexual reproduction _______ _________________are involved, and the offspring are genetically ___________________from the parent. – Changing environments
If each offspring is to reproduce, it must grow, and develop to adulthood. The cell divided over and over, developing into an embryo. Continued cell division and specialization yielded the newly hatched swans, which will eventually mature into adults than can also reproduce.
All organisms evolve
Evolution is _____________ _____________over time in a ________________________.
Different organisms have different genes. How is it that so many organisms seem perfectly suited to their environment? ___________ _____ ___________________. After a genetic __________or mutation in an organism, It survives, reproduces, and passes along its genes.
Beneficial ______________ develop at random. The environment “___________” beneficial adaptations. Adaptations are an inherited characteristic.
___________________reveals evolutionary relationships. Classifying organisms helps show how closely they are _______________to each other.
There are 8 levels of taxonomic hierarchy.
- Domain
- __________
- Phylum
- __________
- Order
- ___________
- Genus
- ___________
- Domain Bacteria
- Domain ______________
- Doman Eukarya
Domain Bacteria and domain Archaea are __________________and_______________________.
- Prokaryote means their________ _______ _________and other compartments (organelles).
Domain Eukarya
- ___________________means their cells have nuclei and other compartments (____________________). Organisms in domain Eukarya have larger, more complex cells with nuclei.
- 4 Kingdoms: ________________, Animalia, Fungi, and ________________
- Kingdom Protists: Unicellular or multicellular and Autotrophs or heterotrophs
- Kingdom Animalia: Multicellular,___________________ (by ingestion)
- Kingdom Fungi: Most are multicellular and are heterotrophs (by ___________digestion)
- Kingdom Plantae: Multicellular, _______________
Scientists use the scientific method. The scientific method has multiple interrelated parts.
- Observations and questions –___________________are the knowledge amassed before the experiment begins.
- Hypothesis and predictions – Hypotheses are __________________ _____________________for the observation, which can be supported or _____________________by the data.
- Experiment – Data must be objective and _______________________.
- Conclusion – The data can either support ____ ______________the hypothesis.
- Peer review – Then the research is subjected to peer review for publication.
Well-designed experiments include:
- Sample size: ______________of subjects in a group
- Independent variable: what is __________________
- Dependent variable: what is _________________
- Standardized variable: held _________________for all subjects
- Control: ________________group used for comparison
Analyses test the ________for statistical significance: the probability that the results arose purely by ____________.
Theories are comprehensive ________________________.
In science, a theory is an explanation for a natural phenomenon and ______________in scope than ______________________.
Scientific theories are supported by a tremendous amount of research.
(Facts are _________________ observations that ________________agrees on.)
Technology is the practical application of scientific _________________and provides tools for scientific________________.
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