Process Yes Small volume Separators, centritugal extractors No Emulsion formation, poor separation Yes Separators Centrifugal extractors, Graesser, RDC, ARD With , No reserva- tlons Small number of theoretical stages required (<5) Yes Yes Low helght Mixer-settler battery. centrifugal extractors No No Yes All column types, centrifugal extractors Small floor area Large number of theoretical stages required (>5) Yes Yes Low helght Mixer-settler battery, Graesser No Small floor Yes area High througtput (>50m-n) Pulsating sleve tray column, Kuhni, Lurgi tower extractor Yes Small load Yes range No No Yes Large load range RDC, ARD Low Yes Pulsating Yes throughput (<50m3m) Small load range packed column, Karr column No Large load range Yes Schelbel, Oldshue- Rushton Class of Equipment Miser settkrs Advantages Disadvantages Good contacting Large holdup High power cos High investment Large floor space Approximate Maximum Liquid Throughout, m'/m²-h Мaхimum Column Diameter, m Handles wide flow ratio Low headrocm High efficioncy Many stages availahle Reliable scale-up Low initial cos Low operating cont Simplest construction Interstage pemping may be required Column Type Lurgi tower Pulsed packed Pulsed sieve tray Scheibel Continuo, counterflow contackors (no mechanical drive) Limited throughput with mall density deference Cannot handle high fow ratio 8.0 3.0 3.0 30 40 60 40 40 25 High headroom Sometimes low efficiency Difficult seale up Continuo, counterfow contactors (mechanical agitution) Good dispenion Reasonable cost Many stages possible Limited throughput with small density difference Cannot handle emulsifying syskoms 3.0 8.0 RDC Relatively eay seale up Handles low density ARD Kuhni Cannot handle high flow ratio 5.0 3.0 1.5 7.0 Centrifugal estracton diffenence between phases Low holdup volume Short hokdup time Low space requirements Semall inventory of solvent High initial costs High operating cost High maintenance cont Limited number of stages (2-7) 50 100 Kar in single unit <10 Graesser

Process Yes Small volume Separators, centritugal extractors No Emulsion formation, poor separation Yes Separators Centrifugal extractors, Graesser, RDC, ARD With , No reserva- tlons Small number of theoretical stages required (<5) Yes Yes Low helght Mixer-settler battery. centrifugal extractors No No Yes All column types, centrifugal extractors Small floor area Large number of theoretical stages required (>5) Yes Yes Low helght Mixer-settler battery, Graesser No Small floor Yes area High througtput (>50m-n) Pulsating sleve tray column, Kuhni, Lurgi tower extractor Yes Small load Yes range No No Yes Large load range RDC, ARD Low Yes Pulsating Yes throughput (<50m3m) Small load range packed column, Karr column No Large load range Yes Schelbel, Oldshue- Rushton Class of Equipment Miser settkrs Advantages Disadvantages Good contacting Large holdup High power cos High investment Large floor space Approximate Maximum Liquid Throughout, m'/m²-h Мaхimum Column Diameter, m Handles wide flow ratio Low headrocm High efficioncy Many stages availahle Reliable scale-up Low initial cos Low operating cont Simplest construction Interstage pemping may be required Column Type Lurgi tower Pulsed packed Pulsed sieve tray Scheibel Continuo, counterflow contackors (no mechanical drive) Limited throughput with mall density deference Cannot handle high fow ratio 8.0 3.0 3.0 30 40 60 40 40 25 High headroom Sometimes low efficiency Difficult seale up Continuo, counterfow contactors (mechanical agitution) Good dispenion Reasonable cost Many stages possible Limited throughput with small density difference Cannot handle emulsifying syskoms 3.0 8.0 RDC Relatively eay seale up Handles low density ARD Kuhni Cannot handle high flow ratio 5.0 3.0 1.5 7.0 Centrifugal estracton diffenence between phases Low holdup volume Short hokdup time Low space requirements Semall inventory of solvent High initial costs High operating cost High maintenance cont Limited number of stages (2-7) 50 100 Kar in single unit <10 Graesser

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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Related questions

Question

A petroleum reformate stream of 4,000 bbl/day is to be contacted with diethylene glycol to extract aromatics from paraffins. The ratio of solvent to reformate volume is 5. It is estimated that eight theoretical stages are needed. Using Tables and Figure, which extractors would be suitable?

Process
Yes
Small volume
Separators, centritugal extractors
No
Emulsion
formation, poor
separation
Yes
Separators
Centrifugal extractors,
Graesser, RDC, ARD
With
, No
reserva-
tlons
Small number
of theoretical
stages
required (<5)
Yes
Yes
Low helght
Mixer-settler battery.
centrifugal extractors
No
No
Yes
All column types,
centrifugal extractors
Small floor
area
Large number
of theoretical
stages
required (>5)
Yes
Yes
Low helght
Mixer-settler battery,
Graesser
No
Small floor
Yes
area
High
througtput
(>50m-n)
Pulsating sleve
tray column,
Kuhni, Lurgi
tower extractor
Yes
Small load
Yes
range
No
No
Yes
Large load
range
RDC, ARD
Low
Yes Pulsating
Yes
throughput
(<50m3m)
Small load
range
packed column,
Karr column
No
Large load
range
Yes Schelbel,
Oldshue-
Rushton

Class of Equipment
Miser settkrs
Advantages
Disadvantages
Good contacting
Large holdup
High power cos
High investment
Large floor space
Approximate Maximum
Liquid Throughout,
m'/m²-h
Мaхimum
Column
Diameter, m
Handles wide flow ratio
Low headrocm
High efficioncy
Many stages availahle
Reliable scale-up
Low initial cos
Low operating cont
Simplest construction
Interstage pemping may be
required
Column Type
Lurgi tower
Pulsed packed
Pulsed sieve tray
Scheibel
Continuo, counterflow
contackors
(no mechanical drive)
Limited throughput with
mall density deference
Cannot handle high fow ratio
8.0
3.0
3.0
30
40
60
40
40
25
High headroom
Sometimes low efficiency
Difficult seale up
Continuo, counterfow
contactors (mechanical
agitution)
Good dispenion
Reasonable cost
Many stages possible
Limited throughput with small
density difference
Cannot handle emulsifying
syskoms
3.0
8.0
RDC
Relatively eay seale up
Handles low density
ARD
Kuhni
Cannot handle high flow ratio
5.0
3.0
1.5
7.0
Centrifugal estracton
diffenence between phases
Low holdup volume
Short hokdup time
Low space requirements
Semall inventory of solvent
High initial costs
High operating cost
High maintenance cont
Limited number of stages (2-7)
50
100
Kar
in single unit
<10
Graesser

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