Problem ZI ). A stop-and-wait protocol (recap textbook Ch 3.3.3 or lecture 9) is a simple data link layer for flow control, in which the sender sends one data frame and then waits for an acknowledgment frame from the receiver before sending the next data frame. We define link utilization rate U for the sender as: U := Ttrans Itotal where Tirans is the sender's transmission time for a date frame and Ttotal is the total duration from the sender starting transmission to receiving the acknowledgment frame. Answer the following questions: 1. Assume this protocol achieves a 20% link utilization rate using 1500-bit data frames over a link with a one-way propagation delay of 50 msec. We ignore the receiver's transmission time for an acknowledgment frame. What is the data rate of this link in bps? 2. Assume this protocol uses 800-bit data frames and runs on a link with a one-way propagation delay of 16 msec and a data rate of 1200 kbps. We assume the acknowledgment needs to be piggybacked on a data frame by the receiver who always has data frames to send back but doesn't need acknowledgment for those. Calculate the link utilization rate U for the sender. (*recap piggybacking in textbook Ch 3.4.1 or lecture 10)

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Network transmission cabling

A network is a collection of devices connected by communication links. A device can be a computer or any instrument capable of sending and receiving data or information formed by other nodes toward the network. A channel that connects people or things is known as a network. It sends the data from one place to another. It is the basic concept of a computer, network, and data communications.