Problem 7.1: For the beam cross-section shown in Figure 7.12, estimate the shear force contribution of carbon fiber composite and total shear capacity,Y Compressive strength of concrete is 4000 psi. Assume U-wrap configuration, -0.0167, E-33x10 psi, and fiber thickness is 0.0065 in. (unidirectional). The steel stirrups consist of two- legged No. 3 bars at 12 in. center-t0-center. a) One ply, continuous strip b) One ply, 5 in. wide at 6 in. center-to-center ) Two plies, 5 in. wide (each) at 12 in. center-to-center d) One ply, 5 in. wide at 12 in. center-to-center

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Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Asphalt binders are subsidiary products procured during the refining process of petroleum while manufacturing gasoline, diesel, and similar petroleum products. Asphalt binders are obtained from the residue that remains after the distillation of petroleum, this residue is further subjected to steam distillation and oxidation to remove the traces of gas oil present in the residue. Certain additives or modifiers are also added to asphalt binders to alter them to suit different applications.