Problem 5: A pressurized tank of water has a 10-cm-diameter nozzle at the bottom, where the liquid discharges to the atmosphere. The liquid level is 2.5 m above the outlet and the tank diameter can be assumed to be much larger than the diameter of the discharge nozzle. The air pressure in the space above the liquid is 250 kPa (absolute) while the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa. Neglecting frictional effects, determine the rate of discharge (kg/sec) of liquid from the tank when the liquid level is 2.5m. Air 250 kPa 25 m 10 cm

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A:

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A: Solution:

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Mechanisms of heat transfer

Heat transfer is an essential discipline in thermal engineering that deals with the transfer, conversion, usability, and creation of heat or thermal energy. Transfer of heat occurs through various mechanisms like conduction, convection, radiation, and change of phases. All these mechanisms have distinct characteristics, but these mechanisms can simultaneously occur in an identical system.