Problem 3. The first diffraction minimum for a circular aperture (compare with a single slit) is sin 0 - 1.22A/D where D is the diameter of the aperture. (a) What is the diffraction-limited angular resolution (in arcminutes) of a human eye, with 4 mm pupil, for 500 nm light? (The actual resolution of human vision, set by the density of light-sensitive cells on the retina, is approximately 1 arcminute.) (b) What diameter circular telescope would you need to resolve a US flag on the surface of the Moon, viewed from Earth? (Look up any numbers you need.)
Refraction of Light
Refraction is a change in the direction of light rays when they travel from one medium to another. It is the bending of light when it goes through different media.
Angle of Refraction
Light is considered by many scientists to have dual nature, both particle nature and wave nature. First, Particle nature is one in which we consider a stream of packets of energy called photons. Second, Wave nature is considering light as electromagnetic radiation whereas part of it is perceived by humans. Visible spectrum defined by humans lies in a range of 400 to 700 nm wavelengths.
Index of Refraction of Diamond
Diamond, the world’s hardest naturally occurring material and mineral known, is a solid form of the element carbon. The atoms are arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. They exist in a huge variety of colours. Also, they are one of the best conductors of heat and have a very high melting point.
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