Problem 3: When a strain gauge is stretched under uniaxial tension, its resistance varies with the imposed strain. A resistance bridge circuit is used to convert the resistance change into a voltage. Suppose a known tensile loads were applied to the system shown in Figure below and the output measured on a voltmeter. What are the independent and dependent variables in this calibration? Can you suggest any extraneous variables?

Q: 10

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Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. There are various mechanisms by which, transfer of heat takes place i.e. thermal conduction, convection, radiation or by change of phase. All these mechanisms have their own specific features which sometimes occur simultaneously within the same system.