Problem 3: Show the mechanism of the following nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction using curved arrows to indicate the electron flow in each step. Ether / 25° H Na `CH3 `CH3 Sodium formate Acetyl chloride Acetic formic anhydride (64%)
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction:
In this reaction, the nucleophile attack of nucleophiles takes place on the electrophilic center. It is a type of substitution reaction. There is the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. Then, the leaving group leaves to form the product. In this group, the leaving group is present in the acyl derivative.
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