Population AA Aa aa 0.41 0.09 0.50 Given this distribution, what is the frequency of aa in the next generation provided the assumptions of HWE? 0.21 0.30 0.36 0.41
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- Start with a small population (n= 5-50) with the # of populations set to 1. Leave all other variables as the default. Select “Island” migration and add a migration rate of 0.1. Describe what happens at a migration rate of 0.1 (10% of individuals migrate between pops). Now increase the rate of migration to 0.5. What are the effects?What is the main difference between F1 and F2 distributions?QUESTION 7 You are working on an undergraduate project, studying an insect species. A recent study showed that the pigmentation pattern used for camouflage is made by an enzyme K. However, it has been shown that, when compared to the Kk individuals, the KK homozygotes would have a higher chance of dying from pigment overdose before growing up, while the kk individuals can easily fall to predation before becoming adults. In fact, when compared to the Kk individuals, the estimated selection coefficients for KK and kk are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively. You are interested in what would happen to these alleles. At present, you have conducted a population survey and have 1000 larvae in your collection. Among them, 360 are KK, 480 Kk and 160 kk. How many larvae would survive to adulthood? O 170 O 417 583 750 830 (Following up on Question 7.) What would be the KK genotype frequency at the adult stage? O 0.090 O 0.270 O 0.325 O 0.360 O 0.529 QUESTION 8
- 4 of 6 + 80% 18. A breeding pair of rabbits escaped from their cage behind a farmer's barn. The farmer observed the rabbits and kept data on their population size for ten years. During this time, the rabbits reproduced and their offspring reproduced many times. The fenced, undisturbed two acres where the rabbits live support populations of predators, such as hawks and snakes, as well as a limited supply of grass and water. At the end of the ten years, the farmer graphed the data he collected. Which of the following graphs would its population growth look like? Don't pick E, you're welcome. AJ Time Time Time Time ime Use the survivorship curve graph to answer questions 19-20. (Extra Credit!) urcendo a2s Uendoa Estimated effect size (relative to model intercept) Male reproductive success (adults) 0.3- -0.3- -0.6- -0.9- tt HotHot HotHop HopHop b 2.0- 1.5- 1.0- 0.5- Male survival Hot Hot HotHop Hop Hop RXFP2 genotype C 0.2- 0.1- 0- -0.1- Male fitness HotHot HotHop HopHop 14. Interpret figure a, b or c. Genotypes: Hot Hot = big horn male + HoPHOP = small horn male“Calculate the rates specified below (a to c), using the following information about the black population of the United States in 2000 (numbers were modified to simplify calculations) “( be careful to use the correct denominator) Average population size 28 million, including 7.2 million women aged 15-44. There were 13 million men in this population. Live births: 600,000 Fetal deaths: 4380 Death in the first week of life: 6120 Death in the first 28 days of life (excluded first week): 960 Death in the first year of life (excluding in the first 28 days): 3900 Total deaths in the population: 230,000 Deaths from heart diseases: 75,000, of those 45,000 occurred among men aged 35 years and above What is the fetal mortality rate? What is post-neonatal mortality rate? What is the sex -specific mortality rate from heart disease
- What is the correct answerOnce upon a time there was a population of hippies living in an isolated commune called Gone. They had been there for generations, and all members were homozygous for a gene that gave them a preference for crafting necklaces out of green beads, so that every individual had the genotype GG at this locus. In another isolated commune, called Yonder, was a population of hippies that had a genetic propensity for making necklaces out of yellow beads, and everyone was homozygous for a different allele at the same genetic locus; their genotype was YY. Last year (prior to our current social isolating) everyone repaired their W buses, and a giant gathering in celebration of the 50th anniversary was held at the Oregon Country Fair. The next few questions will ask you about these two populations that came together at the fair. Genotype Observed Expected (0-E) (0-E)2 (O-E)?/E GG 81 79.2 81-79.2-1.8 1.82=3.24 3.24/79.2=0.04 12.96/105.6=0. GY 102 105.6 102-105.6=-3.6 -3.62=12.96 12 YY 37 35.2…Are the two loci in LD or LE in this population? fA: 0.3 fAB:0.12 fa: 0.7 fab:0.42 fB: 0.4 fAb:0.18 fb: 0.6 faB:0.28 O a. The population is both in LD and LE b. There is not enough information to answer the question O c. Population is in LE O d. Population is in LD
- 11.0 G. fortis 10.0- 1978 1976 9.0F 8.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 Midparent bill depth (mm) Geospiza is a genus of finches that inhabit the Galapagos Islands. In 1976, finches were grouped together based on the average depth of their bills. The data from the first generation of grouped finches are plotted on the X-axis. The bill depths of the offspring from each group are plotted on the Y-axis. In 1978, the experiment was repeated after a drought on the Galapagos Islands. The red line represents the data from 1976 and the blue line represents the data from 1978. The slope of both the red line is 0.90 and the slope of the blue line is 0.90. Was there any change in the heritability of the bill depth trait after the drought? Explain your reasoning. Offspring bill depth (mm)Carrying Capacity and the Bison of Yellowstone National Park The following text is adapted from an article in Yellowstone Science, a journal published by the National Park Service. An important part of the Yellowstone National Park ecosystem, bison are the largest land mammals in North America. Yellowstone bison historically occupied approximately 7,720 square miles (20,000 km²) in the headwaters of the Yellowstone and Madison rivers. Today, this range is restricted to primarily Yellowstone National Park and some adjacent areas of Montana. The bison population is subdivided into the central and northern breeding herds. One of the key issues related to the Yellowstone bison population is how it should be managed. From the beginning of the twentieth century through 1966, bison numbers were kept in check through regular culling. This culling was stopped in 1969. Officials decided to allow bison numbers to fluctuate according to such factors as weather, the availability of resources, and…What is the difference between the exponential (J-shaped) and the logistic growth model (s-shaped)? Select all that apply 0 Small populations grow more slowly in the logistic model because it assumes that there are fewer individuals capable of producing offspring The logistic growth model reaches and inflection point because resources can become limiting in large populations The exponential growth model assumes that there are no limitations of resources on a population no matter how large it gets Carrying capacity is only a component in the exponential growth model, not in the logistic growth model if populations were a metaphor for money, and you wanted to maximize your return on investment, you would choose the logistic growth model