points. How do the functional groups of each compound effect their boiling points? Boiling Point 141°C Compound Propanoic acid 1-propanol 1-propanamine Propanal Propane 97°C 51°C 48°C -42°C
Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
![The boiling points of various organic compounds are given below. Explain the reasons for the different be
points. How do the functional groups of each compound effect their boiling points?
6.
Boiling Point
141°C
Compound
| Propanoic acid
1-propanol
1-propanamine
Propanal
Propane
97°C
51°C
48°C
-42°C
bAdd hdrol
7. The compound shown is a common artificial sweetener, Circle and identify the functional groups in the
molecule. Which functional groups can undergo hydrolysis? Draw structures to show the complete hydrolysis
(either acidic or basic) of the compound. (Hint: hydrolysis may occur in more than one location.)
anen
HO.
NH
CH3
NH2
8. a) Valproic acid is an anti-seizure medication often administered in a sodium salt form. Draw out the reaction
showing how the sodium salt of valproic acid is formed. Why is the salt form used?
etoca) soslom lonoitanutlsgs at (woled
pile bos aiolte n anuong le
8,9slicalyrtts mal or lonsis w bus
bsCH, - CH, - CH oD
mal e (biaE CH -
CH, - CH, - CH,
Valproic Acid
b) Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is a decongestant and appetite suppressant medication that is no longer available
in the US and Canada because of its association with increased stroke risk. It is administered in a hydrochloride
salt form. Draw out the reaction showing how the hydrochloride salt of phenylpropanolamine is formed. Why is
the salt form used?
H H
-NH,
OH CH3
phenylpropanolamine](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa0775f4f-4f78-48a8-b68d-a762f326d59e%2Fa8b0bd0e-917b-4aff-9e83-c423365a6684%2Fgevcal_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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