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Please tell what to color for each parts

Please tell what to color for each parts

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Please tell what to color for each parts
During the reproductive process, the female cell undergoes meiosis in the ovary and produces a set of gametes (G), enclosed by a bracket. The bracket should be colored in a dark color. Notice that both egg cells (H) are identical, in that both carry an X chromosome. Since a gamete receives one chromo- some of a chromosome pair, all of the mother's egg cells will have an X chromosome. Now look at the left side of the plate. The father's cell under- goes meiosis in the testes to produce two types of sperm cells (I): one with the X chromosome (E), and one with the Y chromo- some (F). Either of the two types of sperm cells may fertilize the SEX DETERMINATION Chromosomes can be distinguished from one another by their appearance; they differ both in size and in the position of their centromere. Human cells have 46 chromosomes in total, but these chromosomes can be matched in pairs: There are two of each type, and these pairs are called homologous chromosomes. For this reason, we can say that there are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes in each cell. The exception to this is the two sex chromosomes, designed X and Y. Human females have a pair of homologous X chromosomes, but human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, and the Y is significantly smaller than any of the other chromosomes. The X and Y chro- mosomes are called the sex chromosomes, while the others are referred to as autosomes. egg cell. We now will see the possible crosses that can result. Continue your reading below as you color the appropri- ate diagrams in the plate. Because the male produces equal numbers of sperm cells that have X and Y chromosomes, there is a 50% chance that an X-bearing sperm cell will fertilize the egg cell in the ovary. There is also a 50% chance than a Y-bearing sperm cell will fertilize the cell. In the Punnett square, the first row shows the offspring when an X-bearing sperm fertilizes the egg; both offspring are female (B). Now look at the bottom row of the square; when a Y-bearing sperm cell has fertilized the egg cell, both offspring are male (A). In effect, the sperm cell determines the sex of the offspring individual, since the woman's sex cells are identical for each pregnancy. The numbers of chromosomes vary in different ani- mals, but all animals have one set of sex chromosomes. In this plate we will see how the laws of genetics deter- mine which sex chromosomes the offspring receive; this determines whether they will be male or female. This plate presents a simple monohybrid cross between a male and female. We will follow one pair of chromosomes, the sex chromosomes. Start your work by looking over the plate as you read about sex determination. In this plate, we show a male (A) and a female (B). A cell from each of the individuals is shown, and the male cell (C) possesses two different chromosomes. One is the X chromosome (E) and the other is the Y chromosome (F). Use red and green to distinguish these chromosomes, and notice that the Y chromosome is smaller than the X. In the female cell (D), we see two identical X chromosomes. Now we have seen how the cells of males and females differ in the sex chromosomes they contain. We will now follow the pattern of inheritance of sex chromo- somes. Continue your reading as you color the appro- priate parts of the plate.
Transcribed Image Text:During the reproductive process, the female cell undergoes meiosis in the ovary and produces a set of gametes (G), enclosed by a bracket. The bracket should be colored in a dark color. Notice that both egg cells (H) are identical, in that both carry an X chromosome. Since a gamete receives one chromo- some of a chromosome pair, all of the mother's egg cells will have an X chromosome. Now look at the left side of the plate. The father's cell under- goes meiosis in the testes to produce two types of sperm cells (I): one with the X chromosome (E), and one with the Y chromo- some (F). Either of the two types of sperm cells may fertilize the SEX DETERMINATION Chromosomes can be distinguished from one another by their appearance; they differ both in size and in the position of their centromere. Human cells have 46 chromosomes in total, but these chromosomes can be matched in pairs: There are two of each type, and these pairs are called homologous chromosomes. For this reason, we can say that there are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes in each cell. The exception to this is the two sex chromosomes, designed X and Y. Human females have a pair of homologous X chromosomes, but human males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, and the Y is significantly smaller than any of the other chromosomes. The X and Y chro- mosomes are called the sex chromosomes, while the others are referred to as autosomes. egg cell. We now will see the possible crosses that can result. Continue your reading below as you color the appropri- ate diagrams in the plate. Because the male produces equal numbers of sperm cells that have X and Y chromosomes, there is a 50% chance that an X-bearing sperm cell will fertilize the egg cell in the ovary. There is also a 50% chance than a Y-bearing sperm cell will fertilize the cell. In the Punnett square, the first row shows the offspring when an X-bearing sperm fertilizes the egg; both offspring are female (B). Now look at the bottom row of the square; when a Y-bearing sperm cell has fertilized the egg cell, both offspring are male (A). In effect, the sperm cell determines the sex of the offspring individual, since the woman's sex cells are identical for each pregnancy. The numbers of chromosomes vary in different ani- mals, but all animals have one set of sex chromosomes. In this plate we will see how the laws of genetics deter- mine which sex chromosomes the offspring receive; this determines whether they will be male or female. This plate presents a simple monohybrid cross between a male and female. We will follow one pair of chromosomes, the sex chromosomes. Start your work by looking over the plate as you read about sex determination. In this plate, we show a male (A) and a female (B). A cell from each of the individuals is shown, and the male cell (C) possesses two different chromosomes. One is the X chromosome (E) and the other is the Y chromosome (F). Use red and green to distinguish these chromosomes, and notice that the Y chromosome is smaller than the X. In the female cell (D), we see two identical X chromosomes. Now we have seen how the cells of males and females differ in the sex chromosomes they contain. We will now follow the pattern of inheritance of sex chromo- somes. Continue your reading as you color the appro- priate parts of the plate.
O O O Male Female Cell Gametes A. D. Female B. Male Cell X Chromosome E. Y Chromosome F. Egg Cell Sperm Cell I
Transcribed Image Text:O O O Male Female Cell Gametes A. D. Female B. Male Cell X Chromosome E. Y Chromosome F. Egg Cell Sperm Cell I
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