Please show calculations of operating currents and voltages. Values are located in table. Please verify that BJT and Diode are within its operating limits.

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
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Author:Robert L. Boylestad
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Chapter1: Introduction
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Please show calculations of operating currents and voltages. Values are located in table. Please verify that BJT and Diode are within its operating limits.
The image shows an electronic circuit diagram for a voltage regulator using a Zener diode and a transistor. Below is a detailed transcription and explanation of the components and their connections:

### Circuit Components:

1. **VS1 (Voltage Source)**: 
   - Voltage Source provides +15V.

2. **R1 (Resistor)**: 
   - Resistance: 10 Ohms.
   - Connected to the anode of the Zener diode (Z1) and the base of the transistor (T1).

3. **Z1 (Zener Diode, 1N4745)**: 
   - Zener diode is connected in parallel with the base-emitter junction of the transistor (T1).
   - Provides a stable reference voltage.

4. **VF1 (Voltage Follower/Indicator)**:
   - Indicates voltage drops in the circuit.

5. **T1 (Transistor, 2N3904)**: 
   - NPN transistor used to amplify current.
   - Base connected to the Zener diode Z1 and R1, emitter to VF1 and R2.

6. **R2 (Resistor)**: 
   - Resistance: 51 Ohms.
   - Connected from the emitter of T1 to the ground.

7. **P1 (Potentiometer)**: 
   - Resistance: 500 Ohms.
   - Connected to the output and helps in adjusting the output voltage (Vout).

8. **Vout (Output Voltage)**: 
   - Measured across the potentiometer P1.

### Measurements (As listed in the table):

- **Current through R1 (I_R1)**: 29.49 mA
- **Current through R2 (I_R2)**: 78.71 µA
- **Current through VS1 (I_VS1)**: 29.49 mA
- **Voltage across R1 (V_R1)**: 294.89 mV
- **Voltage across R2 (V_R2)**: 4.01 mV
- **Voltage from VS1 (V_VS1)**: 15V
- **Voltage across Z1 (V_Z1)**: -14.7V
- **Voltage Indicator VF1 (VF1)**: 4.01 mV
- **Output Voltage (Vout)**: 7.35V

This circuit demonstrates voltage regulation using a Zener
Transcribed Image Text:The image shows an electronic circuit diagram for a voltage regulator using a Zener diode and a transistor. Below is a detailed transcription and explanation of the components and their connections: ### Circuit Components: 1. **VS1 (Voltage Source)**: - Voltage Source provides +15V. 2. **R1 (Resistor)**: - Resistance: 10 Ohms. - Connected to the anode of the Zener diode (Z1) and the base of the transistor (T1). 3. **Z1 (Zener Diode, 1N4745)**: - Zener diode is connected in parallel with the base-emitter junction of the transistor (T1). - Provides a stable reference voltage. 4. **VF1 (Voltage Follower/Indicator)**: - Indicates voltage drops in the circuit. 5. **T1 (Transistor, 2N3904)**: - NPN transistor used to amplify current. - Base connected to the Zener diode Z1 and R1, emitter to VF1 and R2. 6. **R2 (Resistor)**: - Resistance: 51 Ohms. - Connected from the emitter of T1 to the ground. 7. **P1 (Potentiometer)**: - Resistance: 500 Ohms. - Connected to the output and helps in adjusting the output voltage (Vout). 8. **Vout (Output Voltage)**: - Measured across the potentiometer P1. ### Measurements (As listed in the table): - **Current through R1 (I_R1)**: 29.49 mA - **Current through R2 (I_R2)**: 78.71 µA - **Current through VS1 (I_VS1)**: 29.49 mA - **Voltage across R1 (V_R1)**: 294.89 mV - **Voltage across R2 (V_R2)**: 4.01 mV - **Voltage from VS1 (V_VS1)**: 15V - **Voltage across Z1 (V_Z1)**: -14.7V - **Voltage Indicator VF1 (VF1)**: 4.01 mV - **Output Voltage (Vout)**: 7.35V This circuit demonstrates voltage regulation using a Zener
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