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PLEASE EXPLAIN THE PHOTO ATTACHED

PLEASE EXPLAIN THE PHOTO ATTACHED

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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PLEASE EXPLAIN THE PHOTO ATTACHED TOPIC: GLASS INDUSTRIES
Chlorides and Fluorides These hazardous substances are created in tiny quantities as exhaust emissions from impurities in raw materials in glass-melting furnaces. The manufacturing of opaque materials such as opal and continuous fiberglass, wherein the concentration of fluoride / HF before an abatement can exceed 1,000 mg/Nm3 or greater by adding fluorspar to the batch, are the two primary exceptions. HF emissions are generally treated using dry and semi-dry scrubbing methods. When the glass is particularly aggressive such as opal due to the presence of fluorine, electric furnaces are regarded to be the best solution. Apart from when making certain glasses, the reasons for HCl and HF discharges are generally linked to impurities in the raw materials like sodium or calcium chloride and, less frequently, the presence of a trace of calcium fluoride (CaF2) in the batches. Both HF and HCl emissions can be reduced utilizing the strategies discussed above for SO2 emissions reduction.
Transcribed Image Text:Chlorides and Fluorides These hazardous substances are created in tiny quantities as exhaust emissions from impurities in raw materials in glass-melting furnaces. The manufacturing of opaque materials such as opal and continuous fiberglass, wherein the concentration of fluoride / HF before an abatement can exceed 1,000 mg/Nm3 or greater by adding fluorspar to the batch, are the two primary exceptions. HF emissions are generally treated using dry and semi-dry scrubbing methods. When the glass is particularly aggressive such as opal due to the presence of fluorine, electric furnaces are regarded to be the best solution. Apart from when making certain glasses, the reasons for HCl and HF discharges are generally linked to impurities in the raw materials like sodium or calcium chloride and, less frequently, the presence of a trace of calcium fluoride (CaF2) in the batches. Both HF and HCl emissions can be reduced utilizing the strategies discussed above for SO2 emissions reduction.
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