Please do a, b, c and d.  if you cant do all of them, please do: a and b. thank you

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Please do a, b, c and d. 

if you cant do all of them, please do: a and b.
thank you

Research has shown that in the new fast-paced world of electronics,
the key factor that separates the winners from the losers is actually
how slow a firm is in making decisions: The most successful firms take
longer to arrive at strategic decisions on product development,
adopting new technologies, or developing new products.
An economist interested in this issue took a random sample of 62 firms
ranked high (ng - 20), medium (n2 - 17) or low (n3 - 25) in terms of
performance (Performance) and recorded for each the number of
months it takes to arrive at a decision (Month). Using these data and R,
the economist generated the following printouts.
high medium. lov
2.000 .000 1-000
2.800 5.765 3.000
0.694 0.466 0.374
CL.nean.0.95 1.453 0.98 0.772
9.642 3.691 3.s00
3.105 1.921 i.871
0.398 0.333 0.624
0.077 -0.034 0.257
0.075 -0.031 0.27
-1.459 -1. 340 -1.511
-0.735 -0.630 -0.8
0.905 0.935 0.854
noretest.p 0.05i 0.26S 0.002
median
mean
SE.ean
var
std,dev
coef.var
skewness
skew. 25E
kurtosis
kurt.25E
noretest.w
Levene's Test for Honogeneity of variance (center - median)
of F value Pr (>F)
group 2 4.1998 0.01971
59
One-way analysis of means
data: Month and Performance
F- 23.592, num af -, denon df - . p-value -
one-way analysis of neans (not assuming equal variances)
data: Month and performance
- 22.451, num df - 2.000, denom df - 35.301, p-value -
Kruskal-wallis rank sum test
data; Month and Performance
Kruskal-wallis chi-squared 27.527, df- . p-value-
Transcribed Image Text:Research has shown that in the new fast-paced world of electronics, the key factor that separates the winners from the losers is actually how slow a firm is in making decisions: The most successful firms take longer to arrive at strategic decisions on product development, adopting new technologies, or developing new products. An economist interested in this issue took a random sample of 62 firms ranked high (ng - 20), medium (n2 - 17) or low (n3 - 25) in terms of performance (Performance) and recorded for each the number of months it takes to arrive at a decision (Month). Using these data and R, the economist generated the following printouts. high medium. lov 2.000 .000 1-000 2.800 5.765 3.000 0.694 0.466 0.374 CL.nean.0.95 1.453 0.98 0.772 9.642 3.691 3.s00 3.105 1.921 i.871 0.398 0.333 0.624 0.077 -0.034 0.257 0.075 -0.031 0.27 -1.459 -1. 340 -1.511 -0.735 -0.630 -0.8 0.905 0.935 0.854 noretest.p 0.05i 0.26S 0.002 median mean SE.ean var std,dev coef.var skewness skew. 25E kurtosis kurt.25E noretest.w Levene's Test for Honogeneity of variance (center - median) of F value Pr (>F) group 2 4.1998 0.01971 59 One-way analysis of means data: Month and Performance F- 23.592, num af -, denon df - . p-value - one-way analysis of neans (not assuming equal variances) data: Month and performance - 22.451, num df - 2.000, denom df - 35.301, p-value - Kruskal-wallis rank sum test data; Month and Performance Kruskal-wallis chi-squared 27.527, df- . p-value-
welch Two sample t-test
data: Current and New
t- 1.2972, of- 76.911, p-value 0.1984
alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
95 percent contidence interval:
1.324334 6.274334
sanple estimates
mean of x mean of
247. 100 244.625
F test to conpare two variances
data: Current and New
-0.78732, nun df- 19, denon ef - 39. p-value- 0.4587
alternative hypothesis: true ratio of variances is not equal to 1
95 percent contidence interval:
0.4164112 1.485944
sanple estimates:
ratio of variances
0.7871166
Exact wilcoxon signed rank test
data: Current and New
V 444, P-value0,2911
alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to
Exact wilcoxon rank sum test
data: current and New
924.5. p-value =0.2321
alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to 0
(a) Briefly explain the differences between the paired sample t-test,
the independent samples t-test, the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and
the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
(b) Given the research question, the variable of interest and the data,
which of the test (or tests) mentioned in part (a) do you think is (are)
appropriate this time? Explain your choice. What are the null and
alternative hypotheses of this test (these tests) in the context of this
study?
(c) What conditions are required to validate the test(s) you deemed to
be justified in part (b)? Are these conditions satisfied this time? Which
test do you think is the best this time? Explain your answers.
(d) Evaluate your preferred test at the 10% significance level. What is
your conclusion about the average driving distances of the new cut-
resistant and the current-model golf balls? Explain your answer.
Transcribed Image Text:welch Two sample t-test data: Current and New t- 1.2972, of- 76.911, p-value 0.1984 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent contidence interval: 1.324334 6.274334 sanple estimates mean of x mean of 247. 100 244.625 F test to conpare two variances data: Current and New -0.78732, nun df- 19, denon ef - 39. p-value- 0.4587 alternative hypothesis: true ratio of variances is not equal to 1 95 percent contidence interval: 0.4164112 1.485944 sanple estimates: ratio of variances 0.7871166 Exact wilcoxon signed rank test data: Current and New V 444, P-value0,2911 alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to Exact wilcoxon rank sum test data: current and New 924.5. p-value =0.2321 alternative hypothesis: true mu is not equal to 0 (a) Briefly explain the differences between the paired sample t-test, the independent samples t-test, the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. (b) Given the research question, the variable of interest and the data, which of the test (or tests) mentioned in part (a) do you think is (are) appropriate this time? Explain your choice. What are the null and alternative hypotheses of this test (these tests) in the context of this study? (c) What conditions are required to validate the test(s) you deemed to be justified in part (b)? Are these conditions satisfied this time? Which test do you think is the best this time? Explain your answers. (d) Evaluate your preferred test at the 10% significance level. What is your conclusion about the average driving distances of the new cut- resistant and the current-model golf balls? Explain your answer.
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Non parametric tests do not make assumptions about the parent population of samples. Parametric test make assumptions about the parameter.

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