Please answer both questions. A 77-year-old postmenopausal woman presented at her GP for her yearly routine checkup. She has comorbid type 2 diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and hypertension. She also has a history of severe chronic lower-back pain. She has just received a diagnosis of osteoporosis and her GP wants to start her on therapy to reduce her fracture risk. Her laboratory results include a calcium level of 8.7 mg/mL (normal range 8.6 to 10.3 mg/dL), a 25-(OH) Vitamin D level of 9.2 ng/mL (normal range 25-80 ng/mL), parathyroid hormone (PTH) level of 24.8 pg/mL (normal range 10-55 pg/mL) and alkaline phosphatase level of 104 IU/L (normal range 38-126 IU/L). a) Discuss the laboratory results and outline possible causes for her osteoporosis. b) Which recommendations would you provide to manage her osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fractures?
Please answer both questions.
A 77-year-old postmenopausal woman presented at her GP for her yearly routine checkup. She has comorbid type 2 diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and hypertension. She also has a history of severe chronic lower-back pain. She has just received a diagnosis of osteoporosis and her GP wants to start her on therapy to reduce her fracture risk.
Her laboratory results include a calcium level of 8.7 mg/mL (normal range 8.6 to 10.3 mg/dL), a 25-(OH) Vitamin D level of 9.2 ng/mL (normal range 25-80 ng/mL), parathyroid hormone (PTH) level of 24.8 pg/mL (normal range 10-55 pg/mL) and alkaline phosphatase level of 104 IU/L (normal range 38-126 IU/L).
a) Discuss the laboratory results and outline possible causes for her osteoporosis.
b) Which recommendations would you provide to manage her osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fractures?
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