p:I bought a lottery ticket this week. q:I won the million dollar jackpot on Friday. The proposition ¬(-p^ ¬q) as an English sentence is: (a) I did not buy a lottery ticket this week, and I did not win the million dollar jackpot on Friday. (b) Either I bought a lottery ticket this week or I won the million dollar jackpot on Friday. (c) Not better than good beer. (d) None of the above.

When you borrow money to buy a house, a car, or for some other purpose, you repay the loan by making periodic payments over a certain period of time. Of course, the lending company will charge interest on the loan. Every periodic payment consists of the interest on the loan and the payment toward the principal amount. To be specific, suppose that you borrow $1,000 at an interest rate of 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly. Suppose that your monthly payment is $25. Now, the interest is 7.2% per year and the payments are monthly, so the interest rate per month is 7.2/12 = 0.6%. The first months interest on $1,000 is 1000 0.006 = 6. Because the payment is $25 and the interest for the first month is $6, the payment toward the principal amount is 25 6 = 19. This means after making the first payment, the loan amount is 1,000 19 = 981. For the second payment, the interest is calculated on $981. So the interest for the second month is 981 0.006 = 5.886, that is, approximately $5.89. This implies that the payment toward the principal is 25 5.89 = 19.11 and the remaining balance after the second payment is 981 19.11 = 961.89. This process is repeated until the loan is paid. Write a program that accepts as input the loan amount, the interest rate per year, and the monthly payment. (Enter the interest rate as a percentage. For example, if the interest rate is 7.2% per year, then enter 7.2.) The program then outputs the number of months it would take to repay the loan. (Note that if the monthly payment is less than the first months interest, then after each payment, the loan amount will increase. In this case, the program must warn the borrower that the monthly payment is too low, and with this monthly payment, the loan amount could not be repaid.)

(Thermodynamics) The work, W, performed by a single piston in an engine can be determined by this formula: W=Fd F is the force provided by the piston in Newtons. d is the distance the piston moves in meters. a. Determine the units of W by calculating the units resulting from the right side of the formula. Check that your answer corresponds to the units for work listed in Table 1.1. b. Determine the work performed by a piston that provides a force of 1000 N over a distance of 15 centimeters.

(For thought) a. A token of a computer language is any sequence of characters, with no intervening characters or white space, that taken as a unit has a unique meaning. Using this definition of a token, determine whether escape sequences, function names, and the keywords listed in Table 2.1 are tokens of the C++ language. b. Discuss whether adding white space to a message alters the message and whether messages can be considered tokens of C++. c. Using the definition of a token in Exercise 4a, determine whether the following statement is true: “Except for tokens of the language, C++ ignores all white space.”