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Physiological Characteristics: Hydrolysis

Physiological Characteristics: Hydrolysis

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**Physiological Characteristics: Hydrolysis** | Test Name | Also Called | Presence of Enzyme Tested | Medium | Indicator | Additions after Incubation | Positive Reaction | |------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Starch Hydrolysis | N/A | **amylase** (hydrolyzes starch to maltose) | --- | N/A | Iodine (turns black in the presence of starch)—add Gram's iodine to plate | Amber or golden zones around growth (if starch is hydrolyzed, then there won’t be any to react with iodine) | | Casease Test | Casein Hydrolysis; Proteolysis (Peptonization) | **casease** (hydrolyzes casein to amino acids) | --- | N/A | none | Clear zones around growth (casein is hydrolyzed so it loses its white color) | | Tryptophan Hydrolysis | --- | **Tryptophanase** (hydrolyzes tryptophan to indole - a waste product) | SIM agar for Indole test | N/A | Kovac's reagent (10-12 drops) | Red ring around top of tube after addition of reagent | | Urea Hydrolysis | --- | **Urease** (hydrolyzes urea to ammonia + CO2) | Urea Broth | --- | none | Violet-red or Cerise (with pH of 8 or higher). Note: re-incubate if negative to check for slow positives | **Details for Graphs or Diagrams:** There are no graphs or diagrams present in this table. It is a straightforward tabular representation of different hydrolysis tests used to determine the presence of specific enzymes, the medium used, indicators, additions after incubation, and the appearance of a positive reaction.
Transcribed Image Text:**Physiological Characteristics: Hydrolysis** | Test Name | Also Called | Presence of Enzyme Tested | Medium | Indicator | Additions after Incubation | Positive Reaction | |------------------------|------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------|------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Starch Hydrolysis | N/A | **amylase** (hydrolyzes starch to maltose) | --- | N/A | Iodine (turns black in the presence of starch)—add Gram's iodine to plate | Amber or golden zones around growth (if starch is hydrolyzed, then there won’t be any to react with iodine) | | Casease Test | Casein Hydrolysis; Proteolysis (Peptonization) | **casease** (hydrolyzes casein to amino acids) | --- | N/A | none | Clear zones around growth (casein is hydrolyzed so it loses its white color) | | Tryptophan Hydrolysis | --- | **Tryptophanase** (hydrolyzes tryptophan to indole - a waste product) | SIM agar for Indole test | N/A | Kovac's reagent (10-12 drops) | Red ring around top of tube after addition of reagent | | Urea Hydrolysis | --- | **Urease** (hydrolyzes urea to ammonia + CO2) | Urea Broth | --- | none | Violet-red or Cerise (with pH of 8 or higher). Note: re-incubate if negative to check for slow positives | **Details for Graphs or Diagrams:** There are no graphs or diagrams present in this table. It is a straightforward tabular representation of different hydrolysis tests used to determine the presence of specific enzymes, the medium used, indicators, additions after incubation, and the appearance of a positive reaction.
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