Pay attention to the tiny molecules with one yellow head (hydrophilic) and two black tails (hydrophobic). They form a monolayer at the air-fluid interface to keep alveoli stay inflated. They are , secreted by type II cell of alveoli . Type II Cell Type I Cell RRRRRRRRRRRRR Fluid Surface RRARRRRRRRRRE Air Space 8888888 age If we isolate this molecule and add it into a liquid composed of two immiscible (two molecules cannot form a homogeneous mixture) phases such as oil and water: the The hydrophobic tail of this chemical will surround , and the hydrophilic head of this chemical will be surrounded by Therefore the interfacial tension between the phases will ( enter "increase" or "decrease") and the solubility will "decrease"). Soaps and detergents are also known to have similar properties. (enter "increase" or

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A:

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Microbial Physiology

Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.

Chemotaxis

The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.