7L.4.1 **Part A - Carbon Dioxide Transport**The diagram below depicts the transport of carbon dioxide in blood, from body tissues to the lungs.**Diagram Details:**1. **Respiration Produces CO₂**: - At body tissues, cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a by-product.2. **CO₂ Diffusion into Blood**: - CO₂ diffuses from body tissues into the bloodstream and enters red blood cells.3. **Formation of Carbonic Acid**: - Inside red blood cells, CO₂ combines with water (H₂O) to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.4. **Dissociation into Bicarbonate and Hydrogen Ions**: - Carbonic acid quickly dissociates into bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻) and hydrogen ions (H⁺).5. **Transport in Blood**: - Bicarbonate ions are transported in the plasma, while hydrogen ions bind to hemoglobin (Hb).6. **Reverse Process in Lungs**: - In the lungs, bicarbonate ions are converted back into carbonic acid and then into CO₂ and water. CO₂ is released from hemoglobin, diffuses into the alveoli, and is exhaled.**Label Instructions:**Drag the labels to appropriate locations on the diagram:- Formation of carbonic acid catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase- Bicarbonate ion transported in blood- Carbonic acid converted back to CO₂ and water- CO₂ releases from hemoglobin- CO₂ leaves the system- CO₂ binds to hemoglobin- Respiration produces CO₂This process is crucial for maintaining acid-base balance and eliminating CO₂ from the body via the respiratory system.

Carbon dioxide molecules are transported in the blood from body tissues to the lungs. Several properties of carbon dioxide in the blood affect its transport. Carbon dioxide is more soluble in blood than oxygen. Carbon dioxide can bind to plasma proteins or can enter red blood cells and bind to hemoglobin.When carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin, a molecule called carbaminohemoglobin is formed. ANSWER: Carbon dioxide can be transported through the blood by three methods. 1) It is dissolved directly in the blood, 2) bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or 3) converted into bicarbonate. The majority of carbon dioxide is transported as part of the bicarbonate system. In this system the carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells where carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate and H+. The H+ ion binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. This process is called the chloride shift.Bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. In the lungs, bicarbonate is transported back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from hemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which further catalyzes the reaction to convert carbonic acid back into carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is then expelled from the lungs.The completed table is shown below: